Ammonium chloride is commonly used as a buffer solution to control pH levels in a wide variety of chemical and medical applications and is also used as a fertilizer because it acts as a sufficient source of nitrogen for the soil. More recently it is used to create an experimental benchmark, useful to model/simulate metal solidification. In electronics and metallurgy it is also used for cleaning, to prevent the formation of oxides during welding or smelting of metals. In the literature different values are available for the thermo-physical parameters and in the current paper an overview of measured or calculated values of the most important properties is presented. For an ammonium chloride–water solution different phase diagrams are accessible, and the calculation of the liquidus and solidus line is completed. A comparison of calculated heat capacity values for ammonium chloride is made with the literature values. Measured data for the ammonium chloride density are available in the literature, and the values for different temperatures and concentrations are presented here. Thermal conductivity values are gathered in the present work. The viscosity can be estimated in between 283 and 333 K and for mass fraction up to 0.324 kg·kg^–1, with a model for the calculation of the aqueous solutions viscosity, based on the viscosity of solute and water. The variation curve of diffusivity values with the concentration, exists only for 293 and 298 K. For this reason an approximation with NH₃ diffusivity values, which are measured for different temperatures and concentrations, can be recommended. Additional analysis of two experimental measurements, performed in order to estimate the ammonium chloride diffusivity in water and further extract the Gibbs–Thomson coefficient, is done.

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氯化铵-水溶液性质的评论

氯化铵在许多化学和医学应用中通常用作缓冲溶液以控制pH值，并且还用作肥料，因为它可为土壤提供充足的氮源。最近，它用于创建实验基准，可用于对金属凝固进行建模/模拟。在电子和冶金中，它也用于清洁，以防止在金属的焊接或熔炼过程中形成氧化物。在文献中，热物理参数可以使用不同的值，而在当前论文中，提供了最重要特性的测量值或计算值的概述。对于氯化铵-水溶液，可以使用不同的相图，并且完成了液相线和固相线的计算。将计算得出的氯化铵热容量值与文献值进行比较。文献中提供了氯化铵密度的测量数据，此处提供了不同温度和浓度的值。在当前工作中收集了热导率值。估计粘度在283至333 K之间，质量分数高达0.324 kg·kg^–1，具有基于溶质和水的粘度计算水溶液粘度的模型。扩散率值随浓度的变化曲线仅在293和298 K时才存在。因此，建议使用在不同温度和浓度下测得的NH ₃扩散率值的近似值。为了估计氯化铵在水中的扩散率并进一步提取Gibbs-Thomson系数，进行了两个实验测量的附加分析。