High strength and high modulus polyimide (HSHMPI) fibers are a type of novel high‐performance organic fiber with an initial modulus higher than 90 GPa and extremely high tensile strength over 2.5 GPa realizing broad applications in the fields of electronic, engineering, aerospace, and atomic energy industries. There are currently two synthetic pathways, i.e., one‐step and two‐step methods, developed for the manufacture of HSHMPI fibers. An integrated fabrication process involving wet‐spinning followed by thermal imidization is accepted as a typical two‐step synthetic route for industrialization of HSHMPI fibers. In this article, the classification, synthetic method and technology, molecular structure, morphology, microstructures, and properties of HSHMPI fibers are summarized extensively. The effects of molecular structure and synthetic technology on the microstructures and overall performance of HSHMPI fibers are discussed. In addition, the trend in development and the application prospect of HSHMPI fibers are analyzed accordingly.

中文翻译：

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高强度高模量聚酰亚胺纤维的制备，结构，性能及应用

高强度高模量聚酰亚胺（HSHMPI）纤维是一种新型的高性能有机纤维，其初始模量高于90 GPa，拉伸强度超过2.5 GPa，在电子，工程，航空航天和工业领域都有广泛的应用。原子能工业。目前，存在用于制造HSHMPI纤维的两种合成途径，即一步法和两步法。包括湿纺然后热酰亚胺化在内的集成制造工艺已被接受为HSHMPI纤维工业化的典型两步合成路线。本文对HSHMPI纤维的分类，合成方法和技术，分子结构，形貌，微观结构和性能进行了综述。讨论了分子结构和合成技术对HSHMPI纤维的微观结构和整体性能的影响。并据此分析了HSHMPI纤维的发展趋势和应用前景。