Glycosylated materials have attracted special attention in biomedical field because of the unique properties of the individual carbohydrates in recognition mechanisms in many biological events. Sugar residues decorating a polymer surface can be regarded as multivalent ligands for interaction with various glycoproteins. This phenomenon provides the basis for several biomedical applications; of these, ligand-based targeted therapy is the most frequently cited. Materials functionalized with individual carbohydrates can be used for the selective binding of lectin proteins. Carbohydrate–lectin interactions underpin the development of diverse biosensor devices and bioassays aimed at pathogen detection. Because of the high content of hydroxyl groups and the consequent high hydrophilicity, saccharide-based monomers are perfect candidates for incorporation into hydrogels. Such functionalization allows synthetic materials to acquire unique properties and enhance their performance. This review covers developments over the past 15 years in the field of the synthesis of chemically crosslinked nano-, micro- and bulk hydrogels with covalently incorporated mono-, di- or trisaccharides. A brief view on the potential biomedical applications of these unique hydrogels is provided with particular emphasis on carriers for delivery of bioactive molecules, bioactivated materials for cell culture and tissue engineering as well as capture systems for pathogenic microorganisms.

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研究了共价掺入糖类的合成水凝胶用于生物医学应用– 15年概述

糖基化材料由于在许多生物事件中识别机制中单个碳水化合物的独特性质而在生物医学领域引起了特别的关注。装饰聚合物表面的糖残基可以被认为是与各种糖蛋白相互作用的多价配体。这种现象为几种生物医学应用提供了基础。其中，基于配体的靶向疗法是最常被引用的疗法。用单个碳水化合物官能化的材料可以用于凝集素蛋白的选择性结合。碳水化合物与凝集素的相互作用支持了针对病原体检测的多种生物传感器设备和生物测定方法的发展。由于羟基含量很高，因此具有很高的亲水性，糖基单体是掺入水凝胶的理想选择。这种功能化使合成材料能够获得独特的性能并增强其性能。这篇综述涵盖了过去15年中化学交联的纳米，微和本体水凝胶与共价掺入的单糖，二糖或三糖的合成领域的发展。简要介绍了这些独特水凝胶的潜在生物医学应用，特别强调了用于输送生物活性分子的载体，用于细胞培养和组织工程的生物活化材料以及用于病原微生物的捕获系统。这篇综述涵盖了过去15年中化学交联的纳米，微和本体水凝胶与共价掺入的单糖，二糖或三糖的合成领域的发展。简要介绍了这些独特水凝胶的潜在生物医学应用，特别强调了用于输送生物活性分子的载体，用于细胞培养和组织工程的生物活化材料以及用于病原微生物的捕获系统。这篇综述涵盖了过去15年中化学交联的纳米，微和本体水凝胶与共价掺入的单糖，二糖或三糖的合成领域的发展。简要介绍了这些独特水凝胶的潜在生物医学应用，特别强调了用于输送生物活性分子的载体，用于细胞培养和组织工程的生物活化材料以及用于病原微生物的捕获系统。