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Emulsification using a “Sonolator” liquid whistle: a new correlation for droplet size from pilot-scale experiments
Chemical Engineering Science ( IF 4.7 ) Pub Date : 2018-11-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2018.06.004
David J. Ryan , Michael R. Baker , Adam J. Kowalski , Mark J.H. Simmons

Abstract Emulsification experiments have been carried out on a pilot-scale Model ACIP2 Sonolator liquid whistle device by examining the change in droplet size distributions of silicone oil in water emulsions, using SLES as a surfactant, before and after processing. The process variables considered were mass flow rate, pressure drop across Sonolator, oil viscosity (from 10 to 10,000 cSt), oil concentration (0.5–10 wt%), surfactant concentration (0.00003–0.5 wt%) and orifice size. All experiments were carried out in the turbulent flow regime. The oil phase was added as either a pure phase or as a pre-emulsion stabilised using SLES. The oil was injected just before the blade or mixed at a T-junction prior to the Sonolator; the pre-emulsion was exclusively introduced via the latter method. The resultant droplet size distributions were obtained from offline sampling using laser diffraction. The most significant parameters found to influence the drop size were found to be pressure drop, dispersed phase viscosity and surfactant (SLES) concentration, which formed the basis for an empirical power law correlation. Indices in this correlation were compared to findings in the literature for other emulsification devices, and to those predicted from the theories of droplet breakage in turbulent inertial flow. Despite an expected regime change from turbulent inertial to turbulent viscous break-up being common in the literature as the dispersed phase viscosity is increased, this phenomenon was not observed in the experimental data obtained, suggesting breakage in an intermediate regime.

中文翻译:

使用“Sonolator”液体哨子进行乳化:中试规模实验中液滴尺寸的新关联

摘要 使用 SLES 作为表面活性剂,在处理前后,通过检查水乳液中硅油液滴尺寸分布的变化,在中试规模的 ACIP2 型 Sonolator 液哨装置上进行了乳化实验。考虑的工艺变量包括质量流量、声纳器上的压降、油粘度(从 10 到 10,000 cSt)、油浓度(0.5-10 wt%)、表面活性剂浓度(0.00003-0.5 wt%)和孔口尺寸。所有实验均在湍流状态下进行。油相作为纯相或作为使用 SLES 稳定的预乳液加入。油刚好在刀片前注入或在声波器前的 T 形接头处混合;预乳液专门通过后一种方法引入。使用激光衍射从离线采样获得所得液滴尺寸分布。发现影响液滴尺寸的最重要参数是压降、分散相粘度和表面活性剂 (SLES) 浓度,它们构成了经验幂律相关性的基础。将这种相关性的指数与其他乳化装置的文献中的发现以及根据湍流惯性流中的液滴破裂理论预测的结果进行比较。尽管随着分散相粘度的增加,从湍流惯性到湍流粘性破裂的预期状态变化在文献中很常见,但在获得的实验数据中没有观察到这种现象,这表明在中间状态下破裂。发现影响液滴尺寸的最重要参数是压降、分散相粘度和表面活性剂 (SLES) 浓度,它们构成了经验幂律相关性的基础。将这种相关性的指数与其他乳化装置的文献中的发现以及根据湍流惯性流中的液滴破裂理论预测的结果进行比较。尽管随着分散相粘度的增加,从湍流惯性到湍流粘性破裂的预期状态变化在文献中很常见,但在获得的实验数据中没有观察到这种现象,这表明在中间状态下破裂。发现影响液滴尺寸的最重要参数是压降、分散相粘度和表面活性剂 (SLES) 浓度,它们构成了经验幂律相关性的基础。将这种相关性的指数与其他乳化装置的文献中的发现以及根据湍流惯性流中的液滴破裂理论预测的结果进行比较。尽管随着分散相粘度的增加,从湍流惯性到湍流粘性破裂的预期状态变化在文献中很常见,但在获得的实验数据中没有观察到这种现象,这表明在中间状态下破裂。这构成了经验幂律相关性的基础。将这种相关性的指数与其他乳化装置的文献中的发现以及根据湍流惯性流中的液滴破裂理论预测的结果进行比较。尽管随着分散相粘度的增加,从湍流惯性到湍流粘性破裂的预期状态变化在文献中很常见,但在获得的实验数据中没有观察到这种现象,这表明在中间状态下破裂。这构成了经验幂律相关性的基础。将这种相关性的指数与其他乳化装置的文献中的发现以及根据湍流惯性流中的液滴破裂理论预测的结果进行比较。尽管随着分散相粘度的增加,从湍流惯性到湍流粘性破裂的预期状态变化在文献中很常见,但在获得的实验数据中没有观察到这种现象,这表明在中间状态下破裂。
更新日期:2018-11-01
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