Glasses are optically transparent, hard materials that have been in sustained demand and usage in architectural windows, optical devices, electronics and solar panels. Despite their outstanding optical qualities and durability, their brittleness and low resistance to impact still limits wider applications. Here we present new laminated glass designs that contain toughening cross-ply architectures inspired from fish scales and arthropod cuticles. This seemingly minor enrichment completely transforms the way laminated glass deforms and fractures, and it turns a traditionally brittle material into a stretchy and tough material with little impact on surface hardness and optical quality. Large ply rotation propagates over large volumes, and localization is delayed in tension, even if a strain softening interlayer is used, in a remarkable mechanism which is generated by the kinematics of the plies and geometrical hardening. Compared to traditional laminated glass which degrades significantly in performance when damaged, our cross-ply architecture glass is damage-tolerant and 50 times tougher in energy terms.

Statement of Significance

Despite the outstanding optical qualities and durability of glass, its brittleness and low resistance to impact still limits its wider application. Here we present new laminated glass designs that contain toughening cross-ply architectures inspired from fish scales and arthropod cuticles. Enriching laminated designs with crossplies completely transforms the material deforms and fractures, and turns a traditionally brittle material into a stretchy and tough material – with little impact on surface hardness and optical quality. Large ply rotation propagates over large volumes and localization is delayed in tension because of a remarkable and unexpected geometrical hardening effect. Compared to traditional laminated glass which degrades significantly in performance when damaged, our cross-ply architecture glass is damage-tolerant and it is 50 times tougher in energy terms. Our glass-based, transparent material is highly innovative and it is the first of its kind. We believe it will have impact in broad range of applications in construction, coatings, chemical engineering, electronics, photovoltaics.

中文翻译：

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具有生物启发性的交叉层结构的坚韧且可变形的眼镜

玻璃是光学透明的硬质材料，在建筑窗户，光学设备，电子产品和太阳能电池板中一直存在着需求和使用。尽管它们具有出色的光学质量和耐用性，但它们的脆性和低抗冲击性仍然限制了其广泛的应用。在这里，我们介绍了新的夹层玻璃设计，其中包含受鱼鳞和节肢动物角质层启发的增韧的交叉层建筑。这种看似很小的富集完全改变了夹层玻璃变形和破裂的方式，并将传统的脆性材料转变为可拉伸且坚韧的材料，而对表面硬度和光学质量几乎没有影响。即使使用应变软化夹层，大的层旋转也会大量传播，并且局部化会延迟拉伸。由层的运动学和几何硬化产生的显着机理。与传统的夹层玻璃相比，传统的夹层玻璃在受损时性能会显着下降，而我们的多层建筑玻璃具有耐损伤性，并且在能源方面的韧性是其50倍。

重要声明

尽管玻璃具有出色的光学质量和耐用性，但其脆性和低抗冲击性仍然限制了其更广泛的应用。在这里，我们介绍了新的夹层玻璃设计，其中包含受鱼鳞和节肢动物角质层启发的增韧的交叉层建筑。带有叠层的丰富叠层设计可以完全改变材料的变形和断裂，并将传统的脆性材料转变为可拉伸且坚韧的材料，而对表面硬度和光学质量的影响很小。较大的层旋转会大量传播，并且由于显着且出乎意料的几何硬化效果而延迟了局部化。与传统的夹层玻璃相比，这种玻璃在受损时性能会大大降低，我们的多层建筑玻璃具有耐损伤性，并且在能源方面其韧性是其50倍。我们基于玻璃的透明材料具有很高的创新性，是同类产品中的第一款。我们相信它将对建筑，涂料，化学工程，电子，光伏等领域的广泛应用产生影响。