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Environmental licensing in Brazilian's crushed stone industries
Environmental Impact Assessment Review ( IF 6.122 ) Pub Date : 2018-07-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2018.04.003
Nathalie Barbosa Reis Monteiro , Elaine Aparecida da Silva

Abstract The crushed stone industries' activities are characterized by the extraction and processing of stones for use as aggregates in construction. The sector causes environmental impacts that can be mitigated by the implementation of control instruments, namely, environmental licensing, whose purpose is to carry out monitoring of potentially polluting activities. In this paper, it was analyzed the environmental studies of three industries located in Monsenhor Gil, Piaui, Brazil, elaborated as requisites for obtaining the environmental and mineral licenses. There were made visits to the State Department of Environment and Water Resources (SEMAR) and to the National Department of Mineral Production (DNPM) to verify the environmental reports and the environmental and mineral licensing processes. There were also made visits to the analyzed industries, with the aim of comparing the information contained in the studies, with the reality and verifying the implementation of the mitigating measures proposed in them, through the observation of the industries operation, and interviews with the responsible managers. Furthermore, it was made a research in the scientific literature, to know the licensing process in other countries, to compare with the Brazilian reality. From the research, in Brazilian industries, it was observed that, although all the legal steps to obtain the licenses have been fulfilled, the environmental reports have elaboration failures, such as the lack of a multidisciplinary team and the fact that some data diverge from the reality, decreasing the reliability of the evaluation of the environmental impacts caused by the projects. Also, the environmental replacement cost is not accounted in the final value of the product, and any of the industries have started the implementation of the proposed mitigation measures since they do not have mineral depletion areas. SEMAR was delayed in issuing licenses within the period established by law, and there are no periodic inspections by both the environmental agency and DNPM. It should also be pointed out that the community did not claim public hearings and there is no participation in environmental education projects, factors that compromise the effectiveness of the environmental licensing process. Regarding the process in other parts of the world, in some countries, such as Uruguay and Paraguay, the agency responsible for licensing and inspection is federal. In Argentina, as in Brazil and USA, states have autonomy to legislate on environmental issues. There is also divergence in the period of execution of the licenses, being 12 months in Brazil, while in Thailand it can be up to 56 days. In Peru, the society participation is much more representative than in Brazil, and there is differentiation in the collection form of environmental compensation fees, among countries. The failures pointed out in the Brazilian process, as well as the system of other countries, can serve as parameters for the improvement of the process' effectiveness, both in Brazil and in other parts of the world, aiming at the conservation of the environment.

中文翻译:

巴西碎石行业的环境许可

摘要 碎石行业活动的特点是开采和加工石头以用作建筑中的骨料。该部门造成的环境影响可以通过实施控制手段来减轻,即环境许可,其目的是对潜在污染活动进行监测。在本文中,分析了位于巴西皮奥伊蒙森霍尔吉尔的三个行业的环境研究,阐述了获得环境和矿产许可证的必要条件。访问了国家环境和水资源部 (SEMAR) 和国家矿产生产部 (DNPM),以核实环境报告以及环境和矿产许可程序。还对所分析的行业进行了走访,目的是通过对行业运行情况的观察和与负责人的访谈,将研究中所包含的信息与实际情况进行比较,并验证其中提出的缓解措施的实施情况。经理。此外,还对科学文献进行了研究,了解其他国家的许可程序,并与巴西的实际情况进行比较。从研究中可以看出,在巴西的行业中,虽然获得许可证的所有法律步骤都已完成,但环境报告存在阐述失败,例如缺乏多学科团队以及一些数据与环境报告不一致的事实。现实,降低项目环境影响评价的可靠性。此外,环境重置成本不计入产品的最终价值,任何行业都已开始实施拟议的缓解措施,因为它们没有矿产枯竭区。SEMAR 在法律规定的期限内延迟颁发许可证,并且环保机构和 DNPM 都没有定期检查。还应该指出的是,社区没有要求公开听证会,也没有参与环境教育项目,这些因素影响了环境许可程序的有效性。关于世界其他地方的进程,在一些国家,例如乌拉圭和巴拉圭,负责许可和检查的机构是联邦机构。在阿根廷,与巴西和美国一样,各州拥有就环境问题立法的自主权。许可证的执行期限也存在差异,巴西为 12 个月,而泰国最长可达 56 天。秘鲁的社会参与比巴西更具代表性,各国在环境补偿费的征收形式上也存在差异。巴西进程以及其他国家的体系中指出的失败可以作为提高巴西和世界其他地区旨在保护环境的进程有效性的参数。各州拥有就环境问题立法的自主权。许可证的执行期限也存在差异,巴西为 12 个月,而泰国最长可达 56 天。秘鲁的社会参与比巴西更具代表性,各国在环境补偿费的征收形式上也存在差异。巴西进程以及其他国家的体系中指出的失败可以作为提高巴西和世界其他地区旨在保护环境的进程有效性的参数。各州拥有就环境问题立法的自主权。许可证的执行期限也存在差异,巴西为 12 个月,而泰国最长可达 56 天。秘鲁的社会参与比巴西更具代表性,各国在环境补偿费的征收形式上也存在差异。巴西进程以及其他国家的体系中指出的失败可以作为提高巴西和世界其他地区旨在保护环境的进程有效性的参数。社会参与比巴西更具代表性,各国在环境补偿费的征收形式上也存在差异。巴西进程以及其他国家的体系中指出的失败可以作为提高巴西和世界其他地区旨在保护环境的进程有效性的参数。社会参与比巴西更具代表性,各国在环境补偿费的征收形式上也存在差异。巴西进程以及其他国家的体系中指出的失败可以作为提高巴西和世界其他地区旨在保护环境的进程有效性的参数。
更新日期:2018-07-01
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