Zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂) doped titanium dioxide (TiO₂) spinous hollow microspheres were successfully prepared through a facile solvothermal method using sunflower pollen as bio-templates. The products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), N₂ adsorption–desorption isotherms and UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. It was found that the products have spinous microsphere morphology with an approximate diameter of 12 μm. The ZrO₂ doped TiO₂ hollow microspheres exhibited a higher photocatalytic activity in the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) in aqueous solutions under UV-light irradiation compared with TiO₂ hollow microspheres and ZrO₂-doped TiO₂ particles. In particular, the removal of RhB followed pseudo-first-order kinetics, and 96.3% of RhB was degraded in 60 min under UV-light irradiation when ZrO₂ doped TiO₂ spinous hollow microspheres were used as the photocatalysts. Neutral and alkaline conditions were found to favor over acidic conditions for the photocatalytic degradation of RhB. Furthermore, scavenging experiments indicated that photogenerated holes (h⁺) and radicals (OH and O⁻₂) were the main reactive species in the photocatalytic process using ZrO₂ doped TiO₂ hollow microspheres as the catalysts under UV light irradiation.

以向日葵花粉为生物模板，通过简便的溶剂热法成功制备了掺杂二氧化锆（ZrO ₂）的二氧化钛（TiO ₂）多刺空心微球。产品通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM），X射线衍射（XRD），X射线光电子能谱（XPS），傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR），N ₂吸附-解吸等温线和UV-Vis扩散进行了表征反射光谱。发现产物具有约12μm的直径的棘微球形态。ZrO ₂掺杂的TiO ₂与TiO ₂空心微球和ZrO ₂掺杂的TiO ₂颗粒相比，空心微球在紫外光照射下的水溶液中若丹明B（RhB）的降解中表现出更高的光催化活性。特别地，当使用ZrO ₂掺杂的TiO ₂刺状中空微球作为光催化剂时，RhB的去除遵循拟一级动力学，并且在60分钟的紫外线照射下，降解了96.3％的RhB 。发现中性和碱性条件比酸性条件有利于RhB的光催化降解。此外，清除实验表明，光生空穴（h ⁺）和自由基（OH和O^- ₂）是在使用的ZrO光催化过程中的主要反应性物质₂掺杂的TiO _2个的空心微球作为UV光照射下的催化剂。