High sensitivity imposes strict requirements on a sensing platform, for which nanostructured arrays are promising candidates. The template-assisted method is an effective strategy to prepare various nanostructured arrays, which are widely developed for different sensing applications. Herein, nanostructured array based sensing platforms prepared from four widely used templates, a colloidal monolayer, anodic aluminum oxide, block copolymer, and a nanoimprint mold, are reviewed. In a series of sensing applications (e.g., biosensing and gas sensing), the resulting nanostructure-array-based platforms are high sensitive owing to their advanced morphology features: 1) high-density alignment of arrayed nanostructures, 2) high surface-to-volume ratio, and 3) convex-rich morphology. In surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) applications, noble-metal particle arrays with high-density alignment produce an enhanced SERS signal owing to a strong concentration of plasmonic resonance on the substrate. To sense biomolecules in solution and gaseous molecules, arrays with a high surface-to-volume ratio or convex-rich morphology can sensitively respond to changes in the environment. Moreover, the nanostructure-array-based sensing platforms are divided into three types (0D, 1D, and 3D nanostructured arrays) to demonstrate the morphological origin of the sensing performances.

中文翻译：

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用于传感应用的纳米结构阵列的模板辅助制造。

高灵敏度对传感平台提出了严格的要求，对于该平台，纳米结构阵列是有前途的候选对象。模板辅助方法是制备各种纳米结构阵列的有效策略，这些阵列为不同的传感应用而广泛开发。本文中，综述了由四个广泛使用的模板，胶体单层，阳极氧化铝，嵌段共聚物和纳米压印模具制备的基于纳米结构阵列的传感平台。在一系列传感应用（例如生物传感和气体传感）中，基于纳米结构阵列的平台由于其先进的形态学特性而具有很高的灵敏度：1）阵列纳米结构的高密度排列； 2）高表面对表面的排列。体积比，以及3）凸-富形态。在表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）应用中，具有高密度排列的贵金属粒子阵列由于在基板上的等离子体共振浓度很高而产生增强的SERS信号。为了感应溶液和气态分子中的生物分子，具有高的表面体积比或富凸结构的阵列可以敏感地响应环境变化。此外，基于纳米结构阵列的传感平台分为三种类型（0D，1D和3D纳米结构阵列），以证明传感性能的形态学起源。具有高体积比或富凸形态的阵列可以灵敏地响应环境的变化。此外，基于纳米结构阵列的传感平台分为三种类型（0D，1D和3D纳米结构阵列），以证明传感性能的形态学起源。具有高体积比或富凸形态的阵列可以灵敏地响应环境的变化。此外，基于纳米结构阵列的传感平台分为三种类型（0D，1D和3D纳米结构阵列），以证明传感性能的形态学起源。