An extensive in situ Raman spectroscopic campaign was performed on archaeological sites in three different provinces in Patagonia, Argentina (Neuquén, Río Negro and Chubut). 16 open air shelters located in different environments (forests, ecotones, steppes) were investigated and interpreted in terms of pigments used and the identification of substrata. Special attention was given to the alteration products and accretions that were found on the rock art paintings of the shelters and on the surface of the rock walls, as they can affect and damage this magnificent works of art. Haematite (α-Fe₂O₃) was the main chromophore that was found on the red paintings of the most of the shelters studied. The green earth glauconite, was identified only in one case, by using a red (785 nm) and a green laser (532 nm). Other minerals and silicates were found on the coloured areas but also on the rock support. Calcite (CaCO₃) and gypsum (CaSO₄ • 2H₂O) crystallization was identified on the paintings, crusts and rock surfaces, in combination or alone, and are associated with weathering. In some cases the shelters were so severely degraded that no Raman signal of pigments and/or other components could be retrieved. Calcium oxalates were also detected in several figures and motifs in different shelters.

在阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚的三个不同省份（Neuquén，RíoNegro和Chubut）的考古现场进行了广泛的原位拉曼光谱研究。对16个位于不同环境（森林，过渡带，草原）中的露天避难所进行了调查，并根据所使用的色素和对地层的识别进行了解释。特别注意的是在庇护所的岩画上以及在岩壁表面上发现的蚀变产物和积垢，因为它们会影响和破坏这种宏伟的艺术品。赤铁矿（α-的Fe ₂ ö ₃ ）是主要的发色团在大多数研究过的庇护所的红色画中都发现了这一点。仅在一种情况下，通过使用红色（785 nm）和绿色激光（532 nm）鉴定出绿土青石。在有色区域以及岩石支架上也发现了其他矿物和硅酸盐。方解石（CaCO ₃ ）和石膏（CaSO ₄  •2H ₂ O）的结晶可在油漆，硬壳和岩石表面上结合或单独发现，并与风化有关。在某些情况下，掩体严重退化，以致于无法获得色素和/或其他成分的拉曼信号。草酸钙也被发现在不同庇护所的几个数字和图案。