In recent years, the lowering of the operation temperature of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) has attracted much attention owing to the trade-off between the best performance and the life span of SOFCs. For this challenge, new active sites on the Ni surfaces in a Nickel-Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia (Ni-YSZ) cermet anode of SOFCs have been created by deposition of trace amounts of platinum oxide (PtOx ) followed by an activation step of the anode at 1073 K in a hydrogen flow. The internal resistance (IR) free value (185 mA cm-2 at 0.8 V) observed for the single cell with an anode sputtered with a trace amount of PtOx (Pt content in anode: from 9 to 91 ppm) at 973 K is conspicuously higher than that of a similar single cell with a nonsputtered cermet anode (85 mA cm-2 ) at 0.8 V and 1073 K. Transmission electron microscopy microanalysis shows that the defect structure is formed on a partially oxidized Ni surface by active Pt species. Also, surface atomistic simulation on NiO (111) predicts the formation of Frenkel defect clusters with Pt cations, which partially cover the Ni surface. The formation of Frenkel defect clusters on the partially oxidized Ni surface (i.e., creation of new active sites for formation of water molecules) promotes the anode reaction, resulting in improvements in the anode performance of SOFC single cells at 973 K. Design of the aforementioned new active sites on Ni through sputtering of trace amounts of PtOx provides a great opportunity for "radical innovation" in the design of intermediate-temperature SOFCs.

中文翻译：

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使用痕量的氧化铂设计中温固体氧化物燃料电池阳极中镍的活性位。

近年来，由于在SOFC的最佳性能和使用寿命之间进行权衡，降低固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）的工作温度引起了人们的广泛关注。针对这一挑战，通过沉积痕量的氧化铂（PtOx），然后进行阳极活化步骤，在SOFC的镍-氧化钇-稳定的氧化锆（Ni-YSZ）金属陶瓷阳极的Ni表面上形成了新的活性位点。在氢流中在1073 K下 对于在973 K上溅射有痕量PtOx（阳极中Pt含量：9至91 ppm）溅射阳极的单电池，观察到的内部电阻（IR）自由值（在0.8 V时为185 mA cm-2）非常明显。比在0.8 V和1073 K下具有未溅射金属陶瓷阳极（85 mA cm-2）的类似单电池更高。透射电子显微镜的微观分析表明，缺陷结构是由活性Pt物种在部分氧化的Ni表面形成的。同样，在NiO（111）上进行的表面原子模拟预测了带有Pt阳离子的Frenkel缺陷簇的形成，该簇部分覆盖了Ni表面。在部分氧化的Ni表面上形成Frenkel缺陷簇（即，创建用于形成水分子的新活性位点）可促进阳极反应，从而提高SOFC单电池在973 K时的阳极性能。通过溅射痕量的PtOx在Ni上形成的新活性位为中温SOFC的设计中的“自由基创新”提供了巨大的机会。NiO（111）上的表面原子模拟预测了带有Pt阳离子的Frenkel缺陷簇的形成，该簇部分覆盖了Ni表面。在部分氧化的Ni表面上形成Frenkel缺陷簇（即，创建用于形成水分子的新活性位点）可促进阳极反应，从而提高SOFC单电池在973 K时的阳极性能。通过溅射痕量的PtOx在Ni上形成的新活性位为中温SOFC的设计中的“自由基创新”提供了巨大的机会。NiO（111）上的表面原子模拟预测了带有Pt阳离子的Frenkel缺陷簇的形成，该簇部分覆盖了Ni表面。在部分氧化的Ni表面上形成Frenkel缺陷簇（即，创建用于形成水分子的新活性位点）可促进阳极反应，从而提高SOFC单电池在973 K时的阳极性能。通过溅射痕量的PtOx在Ni上形成的新活性位为中温SOFC的设计中的“自由基创新”提供了巨大的机会。