Abstract In the work 12CaO-88ZrO2 (12CSZ, mol%) ceramics was manufactured both from nanopowder, obtained via cryochemical technique, and composite precursor 12CSZ + 0.25 wt% rGO (reduced graphene oxide). Via SEM, XRD and Raman spectroscopy the detailed investigation of the effect of the precursor type and intermediate processing on the microstructure and electrical conductivity of ceramics was carried out. It was shown that rGO is completely removed during the annealing at 1550 °C for 3 h in air with no effect on the high ionic conductivity of ceramics. The use of nanosized powder and the additional processing step results in vacuum dense solid electrolytes characterized by well-formed cubic zirconia based solid solution, thin discontinuous grain boundaries and rather high ionic conductivity. The addition of rGO leads to slight microhardness (HV) decrease comparing to ceramics manufactured from the nanosized precursor. As a result, a new technique for zirconia based solid electrolytes having both high electrical conductivity at high temperatures and sufficient mechanical properties was suggested.

中文翻译：

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由纳米级前驱体和还原氧化石墨烯掺杂前驱体粉末获得的氧化钙稳定氧化锆陶瓷的微观结构、电导率和机械性能

摘要 在这项工作中，12CaO-88ZrO2 (12CSZ, mol%) 陶瓷由通过低温化学技术获得的纳米粉末和复合前驱体 12CSZ + 0.25 wt% rGO（还原氧化石墨烯）制成。通过 SEM、XRD 和拉曼光谱，详细研究了前体类型和中间加工对陶瓷微观结构和电导率的影响。结果表明，在空气中 1550°C 退火 3 小时期间，rGO 被完全去除，对陶瓷的高离子电导率没有影响。纳米尺寸粉末的使用和额外的加工步骤导致真空致密固体电解质的特点是形成良好的立方氧化锆基固溶体、薄的不连续晶界和相当高的离子电导率。与由纳米尺寸前体制造的陶瓷相比，添加 rGO 导致显微硬度 (HV) 略有下降。因此，提出了一种用于在高温下具有高导电性和足够机械性能的氧化锆基固体电解质的新技术。