The public health imperative to reduce the burden of lung cancer has seen unprecedented progress in recent years. Fully realizing the advances in lung cancer treatment and control requires attention to potential barriers in their momentum and implementation. In this analysis, we present and evaluate the argument that stigma is a highly significant barrier to fulfilling the clinical promise of advanced care and reduced lung cancer burden. This evaluation of the stigma of lung cancer is based on a multilevel perspective that incorporates the individual, persons in the individual's immediate environment, the health care system, and the larger societal structure that shapes perceptions and decisions. We also consider current interventions and interventional needs within and across aspects of the lung cancer continuum, including prevention, screening, diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship. Current evidence suggests that stigma detrimentally affects psychosocial, communication, and behavioral outcomes over the entire lung cancer control continuum and across multiple levels. Interventional efforts to alleviate stigma in the context of lung cancer show promise, yet more work is needed to evaluate their impact. Understanding and addressing the multilevel role of stigma is a crucial area for future study to realize the full benefits offered by lung cancer prevention, control, and treatment. Coordinated, interdisciplinary, and well-conceptualized efforts have the potential to reduce the barrier of stigma in the context of lung cancer and facilitate demonstrable improvements in clinical care and quality of life.

中文翻译：

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在整个癌症控制连续体中解决肺癌耻辱感的多层次机会

近年来，减轻肺癌负担的公共卫生工作取得了前所未有的进展。充分实现肺癌治疗和控制的进步需要注意其动力和实施中的潜在障碍。在这项分析中，我们提出并评估了这样的论点：耻辱是实现高级护理和减少肺癌负担的临床承诺的一个非常重要的障碍。对肺癌耻辱感的评估基于多层次的视角，其中包括个人、个人直接环境中的人、医疗保健系统以及影响认知和决策的更大的社会结构。我们还考虑肺癌连续体内部和各个方面的当前干预措施和干预需求，包括预防、筛查、诊断、治疗和生存。目前的证据表明，耻辱对整个肺癌控制连续体和多个层面的心理社会、沟通和行为结果产生不利影响。减轻肺癌耻辱感的干预措施显示出希望，但需要更多的工作来评估其影响。了解和解决耻辱的多层次作用是未来研究实现肺癌预防、控制和治疗的全部益处的关键领域。协调一致、跨学科和概念明确的努力有可能减少肺癌中的耻辱障碍，并促进临床护理和生活质量的明显改善。