Hydroprocessing technology is critical to reducing the sulfur and nitrogen content of complex heavy petroleum fractions, including vacuum gas oil (VGO) to increase the product value, to meet EPA regulations, and to avoid hampering the downstream processing. The catalyst design for hydroprocessing of VGO is of key importance, as the catalyst must perform multiple tasks in a complex and corrosive mixture. In this work, a combined approach is discussed that involves testing state-of-the-art catalysts for hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) and characterizing real VGO samples before and after HDN, using the advanced characterization method of ion mobility–mass spectrometry (IMMS). While other solvent systems have been reported, it is found that dichloromethane with 0.05% (v/v) trifluoroacetic acid is efficient for ionizing carbazole-type species, in addition to other nitrogen species. Comparing samples from three different catalysts reveal that catalysts A, B, and C can achieve similar performance for deep HDN. Interestingly, catalyst C is found to be more active than catalyst A and catalyst B for moderate HDN. This led to testing of a dual catalyst system using a layered bed of catalyst C and catalyst A that results in lower nitrogen concentrations than can be achieved using the individual catalysts. Overall, the combined approach expedited catalyst design and optimization for VGO hydroprocessing.

中文翻译：

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通过使用离子淌度质谱分析加氢处理的减压粗柴油来提高加氢脱氮催化剂的性能

加氢处理技术对于降低复杂的重质石油馏分（包括真空瓦斯油（VGO））中的硫和氮含量至关重要，以提高产品价值，满足EPA法规并避免妨碍下游加工。VGO加氢处理的催化剂设计至关重要，因为催化剂必须在复杂而腐蚀性的混合物中执行多项任务。在这项工作中，将讨论一种组合方法，该方法包括测试先进的加氢脱氮催化剂（HDN），并使用离子迁移率质谱（IMMS）的高级表征方法对HDN之前和之后的真实VGO样品进行表征。尽管已报道了其他溶剂系统，但发现含0.05％（v / v）三氟乙酸的二氯甲烷可有效地电离咔唑类物质，除了其他氮物种。比较来自三种不同催化剂的样品后发现，对于深层HDN，催化剂A，B和C可以达到相似的性能。有趣的是，发现对于适度的HDN，催化剂C比催化剂A和催化剂B更具活性。这导致使用催化剂C和催化剂A的层状床对双催化剂体系进行测试，与使用单独的催化剂相比，该催化剂产生的氮浓度更低。总体而言，组合方法加快了VGO加氢处理的催化剂设计和优化。这导致使用催化剂C和催化剂A的层状床对双催化剂体系进行测试，与使用单独的催化剂相比，该催化剂产生的氮浓度更低。总体而言，组合方法加快了VGO加氢处理的催化剂设计和优化。这导致使用催化剂C和催化剂A的层状床对双催化剂体系进行测试，与使用单独的催化剂相比，该催化剂产生的氮浓度更低。总体而言，组合方法加快了VGO加氢处理的催化剂设计和优化。