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l-arabinose isomerases: Characteristics, modification, and application
Trends in Food Science & Technology ( IF 15.3 ) Pub Date : 2018-05-21 , DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.05.016
Wei Xu , Wenli Zhang , Tao Zhang , Bo Jiang , Wanmeng Mu

Background

d-Tagatose, a ketose isomer of d-galactose, is a kind of rare sugar existing in nature. The sweetness of d-tagatose is comparable to that of sucrose, but d-tagatose has a relatively lower energy content, indicating that it is an ideal substitute for sucrose in daily life. In addition, d-tagatose has some significant physiological functions and medicinal benefits, and it has been approved as a “generally recognized as safe “(GRAS)” material in food products, including dietary supplements.

Scope and approach

The enzymatic production of d-tagatose from d-galactose may be carried out using l-arabinose isomerase (L-AI, EC 5.3.1.4). In this article, the enzymatic performances of characterized L-AIs, as well as their applications in bioproduction of d-tagatose, were compared in detail, and molecular modifications of those L-AIs were also reviewed.

Key findings and conclusions

At present, more than 30 microbial L-AIs have been reported and characterized. In addition, the crystal structures of seven L-AIs have been solved, and an ene-diol intermediate catalytic mechanism has also been proposed. Attempts to use the molecular modification strategies to decrease the optimum pH of L-AI or to enhance the d-tagatose-producing ability have been made. However, information about the crystal structure of L-AIs in complex with the substrates l-arabinose or d-galactose remains insufficient, and molecular modifications for improving enzyme activity and strengthening thermostability should be the next research topic.



中文翻译:

l-阿拉伯糖异构酶:特征,修饰和应用

背景

d-半乳糖是d-半乳糖的酮糖异构体,是自然界中存在的一种稀有糖。d-塔格糖的甜度与蔗糖相当,但是d-塔格糖的能量含量相对较低,表明它是日常生活中蔗糖的理想替代品。此外,d-塔格糖具有某些重要的生理功能和医学益处,并且已被批准为食品(包括膳食补充剂)中的“公认的安全”(GRAS)材料。

范围和方法

可以使用1-阿拉伯糖异构酶(L-AI,EC 5.3.1.4)从d-半乳糖酶促生产d-塔格糖。在本文中,详细比较了具有特征的L-AIs的酶促性能及其在d-塔格糖的生物生产中的应用,并且还综述了这些L-AIs的分子修饰。

主要发现和结论

目前,已经报道和表征了30多种微生物L-AI。另外,已经解决了七个L-AI的晶体结构,并且还提出了烯-二醇中间催化机理。已经尝试使用分子修饰策略来降低L-AI的最佳pH或增强d-塔格糖的产生能力。然而,关于与底物1-阿拉伯糖或d-半乳糖复合的L-AI的晶体结构的信息仍然不足,并且用于改善酶活性和增强热稳定性的分子修饰应该是下一个研究主题。

更新日期:2018-05-21
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