ZnS nanopowders annealed at low temperatures (≤550 °C) have a pure cubic structure, while a small amount of hexagonal phase formed in specimens annealed at temperatures ≥700 °C. The particle sizes of the ZnS nanopowders increased with the annealing temperature. ZnS ceramics that were sintered using ZnS nanopowders annealed at low temperatures (≤550 °C) exhibited low transmittance, because of their porous microstructure. ZnS ceramics that were synthesized using ZnS powders annealed at high temperatures (≥800 °C) containing large agglomerated particles, also exhibited low transmittance, due to the presence of a liquid phase. A carbonate absorption band was found from the ZnS ceramics with small grains, because carbon ions diffused from the graphite mold into the ZnS ceramics during sintering, probably through the grain boundaries, and formed carbonates. A ZnS ceramic that was sintered at 1020 °C using the nanopowders annealed at 750 °C exhibited dense microstructure, with a large transmittance, 68%, in the wavelength range 6.0–12 μm.

在低温（≤550°C）下退火的ZnS纳米粉具有纯立方结构，而在≥700°C的温度下退火的样品中形成了少量的六方相。ZnS纳米粉的粒径随退火温度的增加而增加。使用在低温（≤550°C）下退火的ZnS纳米粉末烧结的ZnS陶瓷由于其多孔的微观结构而显示出低透射率。使用含有大量团聚颗粒的高温（≥800°C）退火的ZnS粉末合成的ZnS陶瓷，由于存在液相，其透射率也很低。从具有小晶粒的ZnS陶瓷中发现了碳酸盐吸收带，这是因为碳离子在烧结过程中从石墨模具扩散到ZnS陶瓷中，可能穿过了晶界，并形成碳酸盐。使用在750°C退火的纳米粉在1020°C烧结的ZnS陶瓷在60–12μm的波长范围内显示出致密的微观结构，具有较大的透射率，达到68％。