This study established the comprehensive repeating unit structure of immunologically active glucuronoxylomannan (AAPS) from wood ear mushroom, Auricularia auricula-judae. We identified Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) as a critical receptor involved in AAPS-induced macrophage activation to secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines. Molecular modeling data and chemical modifications of AAPS revealed that both carboxylic and acetyl moieties of AAPS are equally essential in TLR4 binding to exert in vitro immunostimulatory activity.

中文翻译：

---

羧基和O-乙酰基部分对于葡糖醛酸甘露聚糖的免疫刺激活性必不可少：一种来自Auricularia auricula-judae的新型TLR4特异性免疫刺激剂†

本研究建立了木耳蘑菇Auricularia auricula-judae的具有免疫活性的葡糖醛酸甘露聚糖（AAPS）的完整重复单元结构。我们确定了Toll样受体4（TLR4）作为参与AAPS诱导巨噬细胞激活分泌促炎细胞因子的关键受体。分子模型数据和AAPS的化学修饰表明，AAPS的羧基和乙酰基在TLR4结合中发挥体外免疫刺激活性同样重要。