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Plants send small RNAs in extracellular vesicles to fungal pathogen to silence virulence genes
Science ( IF 56.9 ) Pub Date : 2018-05-17 , DOI: 10.1126/science.aar4142
Qiang Cai, Lulu Qiao, Ming Wang, Baoye He, Feng-Mao Lin, Jared Palmquist, Sienna-Da Huang, Hailing Jin

Defense cargo shuttles in vesicles Plants can use small RNAs (sRNAs) to interfere with virulence factor gene expression in pathogens. Cai et al. show that the small mustard plant Arabidopsis shuttles defensive sRNAs into the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea via extracellular vesicles (see the Perspective by Thomma and Cook). The vesicles are associated with tetraspanin proteins, which can interact and form membrane microdomains. Several dozen different sRNAs targeting the pathogenic process were transported from Arabidopsis to B. cinerea in a selective manner. Science, this issue p. 1126; see also p. 1070 Exosomal vesicles shuttle defensive small RNAs from the host plant to a pathogenic fungus. Some pathogens and pests deliver small RNAs (sRNAs) into host cells to suppress host immunity. Conversely, hosts also transfer sRNAs into pathogens and pests to inhibit their virulence. Although sRNA trafficking has been observed in a wide variety of interactions, how sRNAs are transferred, especially from hosts to pathogens and pests, is still unknown. Here, we show that host Arabidopsis cells secrete exosome-like extracellular vesicles to deliver sRNAs into fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea. These sRNA-containing vesicles accumulate at the infection sites and are taken up by the fungal cells. Transferred host sRNAs induce silencing of fungal genes critical for pathogenicity. Thus, Arabidopsis has adapted exosome-mediated cross-kingdom RNA interference as part of its immune responses during the evolutionary arms race with the pathogen.

中文翻译:

植物将细胞外囊泡中的小 RNA 发送到真菌病原体以沉默毒力基因

囊泡中的防御货物穿梭机植物可以使用小 RNA (sRNA) 来干扰病原体中的毒力因子基因表达。蔡等人。表明小型芥菜植物拟南芥通过细胞外囊泡将防御性 sRNA 穿梭到坏死性真菌灰葡萄孢中(参见 Thomma 和 Cook 的观点)。囊泡与四跨膜蛋白相关,可以相互作用并形成膜微区。以选择性方式将数十种针对致病过程的不同 sRNA 从拟南芥转运到 B. cinerea。科学,这个问题 p。第1126章 另见第。1070 外泌体囊泡将防御性小 RNA 从宿主植物运送到致病真菌。一些病原体和害虫将小 RNA (sRNA) 递送到宿主细胞中以抑制宿主免疫。反过来,宿主还将 sRNA 转移到病原体和害虫中以抑制其毒力。尽管已经在各种相互作用中观察到 sRNA 贩运,但 sRNA 如何转移,尤其是从宿主转移到病原体和害虫,仍然未知。在这里,我们展示了宿主拟南芥细胞分泌外泌体样细胞外囊泡,将 sRNA 递送到真菌病原体灰葡萄孢中。这些含有 sRNA 的囊泡在感染部位积聚并被真菌细胞吸收。转移的宿主 sRNA 诱导对致病性至关重要的真菌基因沉默。因此,拟南芥在与病原体的进化军备竞赛中采用了外泌体介导的跨界 RNA 干扰作为其免疫反应的一部分。sRNA 是如何被转移的,尤其是从宿主到病原体和害虫的转移,仍然是未知的。在这里,我们展示了宿主拟南芥细胞分泌外泌体样细胞外囊泡,将 sRNA 递送到真菌病原体灰葡萄孢中。这些含有 sRNA 的囊泡在感染部位积聚并被真菌细胞吸收。转移的宿主 sRNA 诱导对致病性至关重要的真菌基因沉默。因此,拟南芥在与病原体的进化军备竞赛中采用了外泌体介导的跨界 RNA 干扰作为其免疫反应的一部分。sRNA 是如何被转移的,尤其是从宿主到病原体和害虫的转移,仍然是未知的。在这里,我们展示了宿主拟南芥细胞分泌外泌体样细胞外囊泡,将 sRNA 递送到真菌病原体灰葡萄孢中。这些含有 sRNA 的囊泡在感染部位积聚并被真菌细胞吸收。转移的宿主 sRNA 诱导对致病性至关重要的真菌基因沉默。因此,拟南芥在与病原体的进化军备竞赛中采用了外泌体介导的跨界 RNA 干扰作为其免疫反应的一部分。这些含有 sRNA 的囊泡在感染部位积聚并被真菌细胞吸收。转移的宿主 sRNA 诱导对致病性至关重要的真菌基因沉默。因此,拟南芥在与病原体的进化军备竞赛中采用了外泌体介导的跨界 RNA 干扰作为其免疫反应的一部分。这些含有 sRNA 的囊泡在感染部位积聚并被真菌细胞吸收。转移的宿主 sRNA 诱导对致病性至关重要的真菌基因沉默。因此,拟南芥在与病原体的进化军备竞赛中采用了外泌体介导的跨界 RNA 干扰作为其免疫反应的一部分。
更新日期:2018-05-17
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