In this study, instead of using the usual chemical methods, poly(butyl acrylate)/silicon dioxide (PBA/SiO₂) core-shell composite microspheres were prepared using a physical method-ultrasonically initiated encapsulation emulsion polymerization. The morphology and particle size of the PBA/SiO₂ microspheres were analysed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The encapsulation state was determined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The composition and thermogravimetric behavior were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The TEM and DLS results show that monodisperse PBA/SiO₂ core-shell composite microspheres were successfully obtained. The diameter and shell thickness were 150 nm and 15 nm, respectively. The XPS and FTIR results show that there was no new chemical bond between the PBA shell and the SiO₂ core. They were just combined by physical adsorption. The encapsulation efficiency of SiO₂ microspheres by PBA is 8.2% through TGA. In addition, this article focuses on the formation mechanism of PBA/SiO₂ core-shell microspheres prepared through ultrasonically initiated encapsulation emulsion polymerization. Intuitive observation and the results of TEM and DLS, especially the change in zeta potential, clearly indicate an encapsulation process. Thereinto, a bilayer-structure space established by appropriate amount of cetyltriethylammnonium bromide (CTAB) molecules is the key to realize ultrasonically initiated encapsulation emulsion polymerization.

在这项研究中，代替使用通常的化学方法，使用物理方法-超声引发的包封乳液聚合制备了聚（丙烯酸丁酯）/二氧化硅（PBA / SiO ₂）核-壳复合微球。使用透射电子显微镜（TEM）和动态光散射（DLS）分析了PBA / SiO ₂微球的形态和粒径。使用X射线光电子能谱法（XPS）确定包封状态。使用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和热重分析（TGA）对成分和热重行为进行了表征。TEM和DLS结果表明，单分散PBA / SiO ₂成功获得了核-壳复合微球。直径和壳厚度分别为150 nm和15 nm。XPS和FTIR结果表明，PBA壳与SiO ₂核之间没有新的化学键。它们只是通过物理吸附结合在一起的。通过TGA，PBA对SiO ₂微球的包封效率为8.2％。此外，本文重点介绍了PBA / SiO ₂的形成机理通过超声引发的包封乳液聚合制备的核-壳微球。直观的观察以及TEM和DLS的结果，尤其是zeta电位的变化，清楚地表明了封装过程。其中，由适量的十六烷基三乙基溴化十六烷基溴化铵（CTAB）分子建立的双层结构空间是实现超声引发的包封乳液聚合的关键。