The release of cyanobacterial toxins during algal bloom has adverse effects on aquatic plants and animals. This study aimed to understand the toxic effects and mechanism of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) on the seedling growth and physiological responses of Iris pseudacorus L. (calamus). After a one-month exposure experiment, the growth and development of the calamus leaves were significantly inhibited, and this inhibitory effect was verified to be concentration dependent. Furthermore, the cell membrane system was damaged, and the photosynthesis was also adversely affected by MC-LR. The relative conductivity of the leaves increased from 10.96% to 97.51%, and the total chlorophyll content decreased from 0.89 mg/g to 0.09 mg/g. Notably, the behavior of the roots in the presence of MC-LR was different from that of the leaves. The seedlings needed to absorb more nutrients to maintain the normal growth at low-toxin concentrations, but the high concentration of (over 250 μg/L) MC-LR exceeded the tolerance of plants and inhibited the growth of roots. In addition, MC-LR led to an excessive accumulation of H₂O₂, and the seedlings enhanced the activities of catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase to resist oxidative stress. The presence of MC-LR also affected the capacity of the plants to absorb nitrogen and phosphorus. The removal efficiency of NO₃⁻-N, the main source of nitrogen, was 63.53% in the presence of 100 μg/L MC-LR. As a result, the pH increased, and the growth of plants was indirectly inhibited. Therefore, the presence of MC-LR could affect the purification efficiency of calamus in eutrophic water. This study provides theoretical support for the selection of plants in the eutrophic water.

藻华期间蓝藻毒素的释放对水生植物和动物有不利影响。本研究旨在了解微囊藻毒素-LR（MC-LR）对鸢尾鸢尾幼苗生长和生理响应的毒性作用及其机理。L.（骆驼）。经过一个月的暴露实验后，cal蒲叶片的生长和发育被显着抑制，并且这种抑制作用被证明是浓度依赖性的。此外，细胞膜系统受损，MC-LR也对光合作用产生不利影响。叶片的相对电导率从10.96％增加到97.51％，总叶绿素含量从0.89 mg / g降低到0.09 mg / g。值得注意的是，在MC-LR存在下，根的行为与叶的行为不同。在低毒素浓度下，幼苗需要吸收更多的养分以维持正常生长，但是高浓度（超过250μg/ L）的MC-LR超过了植物的耐受性并抑制了根的生长。另外，MC-LR导致H的过度积累₂ O ₂，幼苗增强了过氧化氢酶，过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶的活性，以抵抗氧化胁迫。MC-LR的存在也影响了植物吸收氮和磷的能力。在存在100μg/ L MC-LR的情况下，氮的主要来源NO ₃ ^-- N的去除效率为63.53％。结果，pH增加，并且植物的生长被间接抑制。因此，MC-LR的存在可能会影响富营养水中cal蒲的净化效率。该研究为富营养化水中植物的选择提供了理论支持。