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Comparative review of EIA in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations
Environmental Impact Assessment Review ( IF 6.122 ) Pub Date : 2018-09-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2018.04.011
Kanokporn Swangjang

Abstract Environmental sustainability is one of the frameworks for cooperation under the Declaration of ASEAN Concord II, 2015. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) has been recognized as a crucial tool. This paper proposes the review of EIA in ASEAN countries in three key areas, namely legal enforcement, implementation approach and EIA effectiveness as the basis for a sustainable approach. The results showed that almost all the countries established their EIAs at the legal level with the complete EIA process; however, the implementation was somewhat different depending on the unique characteristics of the EIA processes. Such unique characteristics can be divided into three groups. The first belongs to the countries that initiated the EIA process before 1990, although they have their own outstanding topography, namely, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines. The second group includes the countries that applied the EIA after 1990. The Asian Development Bank has played an active role and their EIA processes have rapidly developed especially EIA monitoring, Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) and Transboundary Impact Assessment. The countries in this group are Cambodia, Vietnam, Laos and Myanmar. The last group contains the countries with stringent environmental regulations and is becoming part of environmental laws. They include Singapore and Brunei. The tools to support the achievement of sustainability, such as ecosystem services, biodiversity offsets and transboundary impacts will be of prime importance to the ASEAN EIA in the future.

中文翻译:

东南亚国家联盟环境影响评估比较回顾

摘要 环境可持续性是 2015 年《东盟协议 II 宣言》下的合作框架之一。环境影响评估 (EIA) 已被公认为重要的工具。本文建议在三个关键领域对东盟国家的环境影响评估进行审查,即法律执行、实施方法和环境影响评估有效性,作为可持续方法的基础。结果表明,几乎所有国家都在法律层面建立了环评,环评程序完备;然而,根据 EIA 流程的独特特征,实施方式有所不同。这种独特的特征可以分为三组。第一个属于在 1990 年之前启动环评进程的国家,虽然它们有自己突出的地形,即泰国、马来西亚、印度尼西亚和菲律宾。第二组包括1990年以后应用环评的国家。亚洲开发银行发挥了积极作用,它们的环评进程迅速发展,特别是环评监测、战略环境评估(SEA)和跨界影响评估。这一组国家是柬埔寨、越南、老挝和缅甸。最后一组包含有严格环境法规的国家,并且正在成为环境法律的一部分。它们包括新加坡和文莱。支持实现可持续性的工具,例如生态系统服务、生物多样性抵消和跨界影响,将是未来东盟环境影响评估的首要任务。亚洲开发银行发挥了积极作用,其环境影响评估程序发展迅速,特别是环境影响评估监测、战略环境评估(SEA)和跨界影响评估。这一组国家是柬埔寨、越南、老挝和缅甸。最后一组包含有严格环境法规的国家,并且正在成为环境法律的一部分。它们包括新加坡和文莱。支持实现可持续性的工具,例如生态系统服务、生物多样性抵消和跨界影响,将是未来东盟环境影响评估的首要任务。亚洲开发银行发挥了积极作用,其环境影响评估程序发展迅速,特别是环境影响评估监测、战略环境评估(SEA)和跨界影响评估。这一组国家是柬埔寨、越南、老挝和缅甸。最后一组包含有严格环境法规的国家,并且正在成为环境法律的一部分。它们包括新加坡和文莱。支持实现可持续性的工具,例如生态系统服务、生物多样性抵消和跨界影响,将是未来东盟环境影响评估的首要任务。最后一组包含有严格环境法规的国家,并且正在成为环境法律的一部分。它们包括新加坡和文莱。支持实现可持续性的工具,例如生态系统服务、生物多样性抵消和跨界影响,将是未来东盟环境影响评估的首要任务。最后一组包含有严格环境法规的国家,并且正在成为环境法律的一部分。它们包括新加坡和文莱。支持实现可持续性的工具,例如生态系统服务、生物多样性抵消和跨界影响,将是未来东盟环境影响评估的首要任务。
更新日期:2018-09-01
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