Electrochemical nitrogen reduction to ammonia (NH₃) is proposed as a favored alternative for the Haber-Bosch process since it can be powered by renewable electricity at ambient conditions. In light of this, electrochemical nitrogen fixation has gathered increasing attention in the scientific community. This Perspective discusses recent efforts devoted to nitrogen fixation in electrochemical systems operating at low temperatures, and the challenges confronting high selectivity for NH₃ production as a result of the competition between the nitrogen reduction reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction. A variety of recent approaches have the potential to overcome this challenge for a selective, efficient, and practical electrochemical reaction for nitrogen fixation.

提出将电化学氮还原成氨（NH ₃）作为哈伯-博世（Haber-Bosch）工艺的首选替代方法，因为它可以在环境条件下由可再生电力驱动。有鉴于此，电化学固氮在科学界引起了越来越多的关注。该观点讨论了致力于低温操作的电化学系统中氮固定的最新研究，以及由于氮还原反应和氢释放反应之间的竞争而导致的NH ₃生产高选择性所面临的挑战。各种最新方法具有克服这一挑战的潜力，从而可以进行选择性，高效和实用的固氮电化学反应。