The path towards decarbonization promises many societal benefits such as reduced greenhouse gas emissions and new technological innovation. The adverse effects of policies that are helping to facilitate the energy transition, such as price spikes or job displacement, however, are not evenly spread across the population, and some individuals and communities are more vulnerable to possible adverse impacts than others. Here, we adapt a framework for conceptualizing vulnerability from the climate change adaptation literature to the energy context. We construct the dimensions of the framework, provide an illustration using the case of the renewable portfolio standard, generate a vulnerability score measure and map vulnerability across US counties. Our analysis shows that this framework can be used to identify geographical disparities, and should be further developed in future research to provide deeper insights about a just transition.

脱碳之路有望带来许多社会效益，例如减少温室气体排放和新技术创新。然而，诸如价格飙升或工作流离失所等有助于促进能源转型的政策的不利影响并未在整个人口中平均分配，某些个人和社区比其他人和社区更容易受到可能的不利影响。在这里，我们调整了一个框架，以概念化从气候变化适应文献到能源背景的脆弱性。我们构建了框架的各个维度，以可再生能源投资组合标准为例进行了说明，生成了脆弱性评分标准并绘制了美国各县的脆弱性图。我们的分析表明，该框架可用于识别地理差异，