Renewable energy resources are currently being deployed on a large scale to meet the requirements of increased energy demand, mitigate the environmental pollutants, and achieve socio-economic benefits for sustainable development. The integration of such distributed energy sources into utility grid paves the way for microgrids. The microgrid concept is introduced to have a self-sustained system consisting of distributed energy resources that can operate in an islanded mode during grid failures. In microgrid, an energy management system is essential for optimal use of these distributed energy resources in intelligent, secure, reliable, and coordinated ways. Therefore, this review paper presents a comparative and critical analysis on decision making strategies and their solution methods for microgrid energy management systems. To manage the volatility and intermittency of renewable energy resources and load demand, various uncertainty quantification methods are summarized. A comparative analysis on communication technologies is also discussed for cost-effective implementation of microgrid energy management systems. Finally, insights into future directions and real world applications are provided.

目前正在大规模地使用可再生能源，以满足不断增长的能源需求，减轻环境污染物并实现可持续发展的社会经济利益。这种分布式能源到公用电网的集成为微电网铺平了道路。引入微电网概念是为了拥有一个可自我维持的系统，该系统由分布式能源组成，可在电网故障期间以孤岛模式运行。在微电网中，能源管理系统对于以智能，安全，可靠和协调的方式优化利用这些分布式能源至关重要。因此，这篇综述文章对微电网能源管理系统的决策策略及其解决方法进行了比较和批判性分析。为了管理可再生能源的波动性和间歇性以及负荷需求，总结了各种不确定性量化方法。还讨论了通信技术的比较分析，以实现具有成本效益的微电网能源管理系统的实施。最后，提供了对未来方向和实际应用的见解。