Heteroatom doping can change the electrochemical properties of carbon materials, but the simple, cheap and environmentally friendly preparation of these materials still remains a challenge. Herein, we have reported a new general strategy to fabricate heteroatom-doped carbon fiber materials based on the bioconcentration of different toxic organic dyes via fungal hyphae. The doped carbon fibers had a high content of heteroatoms and a three-dimensional network structure, exhibiting great potential as electrode materials for supercapacitors. Among these products, the N–S doped carbon fiber prepared by bioconcentration of methylene blue had the highest specific capacitance of 235 F g⁻¹ at 1 A g⁻¹ and good rate capability (72.8% retention from 1 A g⁻¹ to 20 A g⁻¹). This strategy can turn toxic waste into valuable materials, converting trash to treasure in the most literal sense; this bioconcentration method is green, general, low-cost and suitable for the preparation of fungal hyphae heteroatom-doped carbon fiber materials from different heteroatom precursors.

中文翻译：

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超级细菌通过真菌菌丝及其衍生的碳纤维对 有机染料进行生物浓缩†

杂原子掺杂可以改变碳材料的电化学性能，但是这些材料的简单，廉价和环境友好的制备仍然是一个挑战。在这里，我们已经报道了一种新的一般策略，该策略是基于不同毒性有机染料通过真菌菌丝的生物浓缩来制备杂原子掺杂的碳纤维材料。掺杂的碳纤维具有高含量的杂原子和三维网络结构，具有作为超级电容器电极材料的巨大潜力。在这些产品中，通过亚甲基蓝生物浓缩制得的掺有N的碳纤维在1 A g ^-1下具有235 F g ^-1的最高比电容，并且具有良好的倍率性能（从1 A g ^-1保留率达72.8％至20 A g ^-1）。这种策略可以将有毒废物转化为有价值的材料，从最真实的意义上将垃圾转化为珍宝；这种生物浓缩方法是绿色的，通用的，低成本的，并且适合于从不同的杂原子前体制备真菌菌丝杂原子掺杂的碳纤维材料。