Biofuels are called upon to play an important role, not only in reducing the associated greenhouse-gases emissions, but also in enabling the gradual independence from fossil sources, rendering low-carbon-highly-sustainable fuels. Today, the involvement of biomass-derived sources into existing petroleum refineries has a growing interest due to the increasing unpredictability of oil prices, environmental concerns and the necessity to secure an energy supply. Petroleum refineries already have a well-developed infrastructure to produce fuels and base chemicals and, consequently, would not require additional intensive investments for processing of alternative feedstocks. From this point of view, co-processing of biomass-derived feedstocks with petroleum fractions is an attractive option, which has already been industrially demonstrated in some cases. There are two main technologies that could be used for co-processing of biomass feedstocks with petroleum fractions, the first one being catalytic hydroprocessing and the second one being fluid catalytic cracking (FCC). Both technologies are found in virtually any conventional refinery. It is obvious that the co-processing of biomass-based feedstocks with petroleum fractions has the potential to play an important role in the near future. There are several research studies in literature that examine both technologies for co-processing. However, while there are many technological reviews that focus on stand-alone biofuel production (e.g., FAME biodiesel, bioethanol, HVO etc.), a dedicated technological review on co-processing for production of hybrid fuels is still missing. Therefore, this paper is focused on presenting a state-of-the-art review on co-processing bio-based feedstocks with petroleum fractions via hydroprocessing and fluid catalytic cracking, looking at different potential feedstocks, catalysts, operating conditions, products and benefits in detail. As there is no specifically dedicated literature review in this field, the content of this review provides a guideline on co-processing of different bio-based feedstocks with petroleum fractions, aimed at delivering a technological assessment of the existing research efforts.

人们呼吁生物燃料发挥重要作用，不仅在减少相关的温室气体排放中，而且在使人们逐渐脱离化石资源，提供低碳，高度可持续的燃料方面发挥重要作用。如今，由于石油价格的不可预测性，对环境的关注以及确保能源供应的必要性，将生物质来源的资源纳入现有的炼油厂的兴趣日益增长。石油精炼厂已经拥有完善的基础设施来生产燃料和基础化学品，因此，不需要额外的大量投资来加工替代原料。从这一观点出发，将生物质衍生的原料与石油馏分进行共处理是一种有吸引力的选择，在某些情况下已经在工业上证明了这一点。有两种主要技术可用于生物质原料与石油馏分的共处理，第一种是催化加氢处理，第二种是流化催化裂化（FCC）。几乎所有常规炼油厂都可以找到这两种技术。显然，基于生物质的原料与石油馏分的共处理在不久的将来有可能发挥重要作用。文献中有几项研究研究了两种用于协同处理的技术。但是，尽管有许多技术评论着眼于独立的生物燃料生产（几乎所有常规炼油厂都可以找到这两种技术。显然，基于生物质的原料与石油馏分的共处理在不久的将来有可能发挥重要作用。文献中有几项研究研究了两种用于协同处理的技术。但是，尽管有许多技术评论着眼于独立的生物燃料生产（几乎所有常规炼油厂都可以找到这两种技术。显然，基于生物质的原料与石油馏分的共处理在不久的将来有可能发挥重要作用。文献中有几项研究研究了两种用于协同处理的技术。但是，尽管有许多技术评论着眼于独立的生物燃料生产（例如， FAME生物柴油，生物乙醇，HVO等），有关用于混合燃料生产的协同处理的专门技术评论仍然缺失。因此，本文重点介绍了通过加氢处理和流化催化裂化将生物基原料与石油馏分共同加工的最新研究进展，并探讨了不同的潜在原料，催化剂，操作条件，产品和优点。细节。由于该领域没有专门的文献综述，因此该综述的内容提供了有关将不同的生物基原料与石油馏分进行共处理的指南，旨在对现有研究成果进行技术评估。