Natural systems have exceptional capabilities of constructing structures across multiple length scales for remarkable performances from limited choices of building blocks. However, simultaneous control over structures at both the macroscopic and microscopic length scales is restricted by the high requirements in the type and property of building blocks. Here, directed self‐assembly of microdroplets in an evaporating liquid is harnessed to fabricate large‐scale ordered films with precisely controlled microstructures. Evaporation‐induced variations in liquid confinement allow microdroplets to reassemble for large‐scale ordered patterns. Deformation of microdroplets into different shapes accurately defines multiple topographical structures at the microdroplet level. The fabrication process is facile and scalable, and works with various materials for manufacturing functional films with tunable properties. These results suggest a facile yet effective strategy for engineering microstructures by combining directed self‐assembly with manipulation of the property of building components for both structural fidelity and diversity.

中文翻译：

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蒸发诱导的微滴自组装的工程微观结构

自然系统具有出色的能力，可以跨多种长度尺度构建结构，从而通过有限的构建基块选择获得出色的性能。然而，在宏观和微观长度尺度上对结构的同时控制受到对建筑砖的类型和性能的高要求的限制。在这里，利用微滴在蒸发液体中的定向自组装，可以制造出具有精确控制的微结构的大型有序薄膜。蒸发引起的液体限制变化允许微滴重新组装成大型有序模式。将微滴变形为不同的形状可在微滴级别准确定义多个地形结构。制作过程既方便又可扩展，并与各种材料配合使用，以制造具有可调特性的功能膜。这些结果通过将定向自组装与操纵建筑物构件的特性相结合，为结构保真度和多样性提供了一种工程可行的微结构策略。