The rapid growth of harmful pathogens and their multidrug-resistance poses a severe challenge for health professionals and for the development of new healthcare products. Various strategies are exploited for the development of effective antimicrobial agents, and nanoparticles are a particularly promising class of materials in this respect. This review summarizes recent advances in antimicrobial metallic, polymeric, and lipid-based nanoparticles such as liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, and nanostructured lipid carriers. The latter materials in particular are engineered for antimicrobial agent delivery and act by encapsulation, receptor-based binding, and disruption of microbial adherence to cellular substrates. Potential strategies for the design of multifunctional antimicrobial nanocarriers, combining material chemistry and biological interface science, are also discussed.

中文翻译：

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用于对抗耐药病原体的抗菌纳米颗粒开发的最新进展。

有害病原体的快速增长及其多重耐药性给卫生专业人员和新医疗产品的开发带来了严峻的挑战。人们利用各种策略来开发有效的抗菌剂，而纳米颗粒是这方面特别有前途的一类材料。本综述总结了抗菌金属、聚合物和脂质纳米颗粒（如脂质体、固体脂质纳米颗粒和纳米结构脂质载体）的最新进展。后一种材料特别设计用于抗菌剂递送，并通过封装、基于受体的结合和破坏微生物对细胞基质的粘附来发挥作用。还讨论了结合材料化学和生物界面科学的多功能抗菌纳米载体设计的潜在策略。