This study reviews the methods used to determine the cost‐effectiveness of monitoring plans for hazards in animals (diseases), plants (pests), soil, water, food, and animal feed, and assesses their applicability to food safety hazards. The review describes the strengths and weaknesses of each method, provides examples of different applications, and concludes with comments about their applicability to food safety. A systematic literature search identified publications assessing the cost‐effectiveness of monitoring plans in the life sciences. Publications were classified into 4 groups depending on their subject: food safety, environmental hazards, animal diseases, or pests. Publications were reviewed according to the type of model and input data used, and the types of costs included. Three types of models were used: statistical models, simulation models, and optimization models. Input data were either experimental, historical, or simulated data. Publications differed according to the costs included. More than half the publications only included monitoring costs, whereas other publications included monitoring and management costs, or all costs and benefits. Only a few publications were found in the food safety category and all were relatively recent studies. This suggests that cost‐effectiveness analysis of monitoring strategies in food safety is just starting and more research is needed to improve the cost‐effectiveness of monitoring hazards in foods.

中文翻译：

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系统评价确定生命科学中化学和生物危害监测计划成本效益的方法

这项研究回顾了用于确定针对动物（疾病），植物（甜菜），土壤，水，食物和动物饲料的危害的监测计划的成本效益的方法，并评估了其对食品安全危害的适用性。审查描述了每种方法的优缺点，提供了不同应用的示例，并在最后总结了它们在食品安全中的适用性。系统的文献检索确定了评估生命科学监测计划成本效益的出版物。出版物根据主题分为4组：食品安全，环境危害，动物疾病或害虫。根据模型类型和使用的输入数据以及所包含的费用类型对出版物进行了审核。使用了三种类型的模型：统计模型，仿真模型和优化模型。输入数据是实验数据，历史数据或模拟数据。出版物根据所含费用而有所不同。超过一半的出版物仅包括监测成本，而其他出版物则包括监测和管理成本，或所有成本和收益。在食品安全类别中仅发现了少数出版物，并且都是相对较新的研究。这表明食品安全监测策略的成本效益分析才刚刚开始，需要进行更多的研究来提高食品危害监测的成本效益。其他出版物则包括监视和管理成本，或所有成本和收益。在食品安全类别中仅发现了少数出版物，并且都是相对较新的研究。这表明食品安全监测策略的成本效益分析才刚刚开始，需要进行更多的研究来提高食品危害监测的成本效益。其他出版物则包括监视和管理成本，或所有成本和收益。在食品安全类别中仅发现了少数出版物，并且都是相对较新的研究。这表明食品安全监测策略的成本效益分析才刚刚开始，需要进行更多的研究来提高食品危害监测的成本效益。