Nanosensors have attracted tremendous, scientific and application, interests promoted by the advances in nanotechnology and emerging new nanomaterials. There has been rapid progress in developing chemiresistive nanosensors, and these sensor technologies are being transferred among a variety of different fields, from energy, environment to life science. This review presents nanomaterials with special convex/concave structures used for chemiresistive sensors, which mainly composed of one-dimensional conductive structures, e.g. nanowires, nanotubes, nanopores and nanochannels. Furthermore, designing, operation, and applications of current chemiresistive nanosensors are discussed to give an outlook of this field, especially for ionic solution and gas as the working chemical environments. The authors hope this review could inspire the active interest in the scientific field of sensor development and application.

随着纳米技术的发展和新兴的纳米材料的发展，纳米传感器已经引起了巨大的科学和应用兴趣。化学耐性纳米传感器的开发取得了迅速的进展，并且这些传感器技术正在从能源，环境到生命科学的各个不同领域之间转移。这篇综述提出了用于化学传感器的具有特殊凹凸结构的纳米材料，其主要由一维导电结构组成，例如纳米线，纳米管，纳米孔和纳米通道。此外，讨论了当前化学阻性纳米传感器的设计，操作和应用，以给出该领域的前景，尤其是对于离子溶液和作为工作化学环境的气体。