Abstract Acid mine drainage (AMD) are acidic streams rich in dissolved ferrous and non-ferrous metal sulfates and minor amounts of non-metals. Nanofiltration (NF) has been postulated as a potential technology in the metallurgical and mining industry to recover strong acids as H2SO4 and concentrate metallic ions from acidic mine waters. The performance of semi-aromatic polyamide (NF270) and sulfonated polyethersulfone (HydraCoRe 70pHT) NF membranes were evaluated at different trans-membrane pressures. Different synthetic solutions were filtered under spiral wound configuration at two pHs (2.0 and 2.8): i) a solution of Na2SO4 and ii) a solution mimicking AMD from dams, containing Na2SO4 and Fe2+, Zn2+ and Cu2+. NF270 showed metal rejections higher than 90%, while for HydraCoRe 70pHT they were in between 60 and 70%. Metal rejection values decreased when solution acidity was increased. Chemical composition of the membrane active layer and the aqueous metal-sulfate speciation were found to have a large impact on membrane separation process. Solution-Electromigration-Diffusion-Film model was used to estimate the membrane permeances to ions from the measured ion rejections. Furthermore, a full scale unit vessel containing six spiral wound membrane modules was simulated. NF270 showed a higher capacity for concentrating metal and sulfate ions (100%) than Hydracore 70pHT (50%).

中文翻译：

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NF膜作为酸性矿山排水处理技术的评价：金属和硫酸盐的去除

摘要 酸性矿山排水 (AMD) 是富含溶解的黑色金属和有色金属硫酸盐以及少量非金属的酸性流。纳滤 (NF) 已被假定为冶金和采矿业中的一项潜在技术，可回收强酸（如 H2SO4）并从酸性矿井水中浓缩金属离子。在不同的跨膜压力下评估了半芳香族聚酰胺 (NF270) 和磺化聚醚砜 (HydraCoRe 70pHT) NF 膜的性能。在两种 pH 值（2.0 和 2.8）下，在螺旋缠绕配置下过滤不同的合成溶液：i) Na2SO4 溶液和 ii) 模拟来自大坝的 AMD 的溶液，包含 Na2SO4 和 Fe2+、Zn2+ 和 Cu2+。NF270 的金属剔除率高于 90%，而 HydraCoRe 70pHT 的金属剔除率在 60% 到 70% 之间。当溶液酸度增加时，金属去除率值降低。发现膜活性层的化学成分和含水金属硫酸盐形态对膜分离过程有很大影响。溶液-电迁移-扩散-膜模型用于从测量的离子排斥中估计膜对离子的渗透。此外，模拟了包含六个螺旋缠绕膜模块的全尺寸单元容器。NF270 显示出比 Hydracore 70pHT (50%) 更高的金属和硫酸根离子 (100%) 浓缩能力。溶液-电迁移-扩散-膜模型用于从测量的离子排斥中估计膜对离子的渗透。此外，模拟了包含六个螺旋缠绕膜模块的全尺寸单元容器。NF270 显示出比 Hydracore 70pHT (50%) 更高的金属和硫酸根离子 (100%) 浓缩能力。溶液-电迁移-扩散-膜模型用于从测量的离子排斥中估计膜对离子的渗透。此外，模拟了包含六个螺旋缠绕膜模块的全尺寸单元容器。NF270 显示出比 Hydracore 70pHT (50%) 更高的金属和硫酸根离子 (100%) 浓缩能力。