Nonspherical polymer particles (NPPs) are nano/micro-particulates of macromolecules that are anisotropic in shape, and can be designed anisotropic in chemistry. Due to shape and surface anisotropies, NPPs bear many unique structures and fascinating properties which are distinctly different from those of spherical polymer particles (SPPs). In recent years, the research on NPPs has surprisingly blossomed in recent years, and many practical materials based on NPPs with potential applications in photonic device, material science and biomedical engineering have been generated. In this review, we give a systematic, balanced and comprehensive summary of the main aspects of NPPs related to their preparation and application, and propose perspectives for the future developments of NPPs.

非球形聚合物颗粒（NPPs）是形状各向异性的大分子纳米/微粒，可以设计成化学各向异性的。由于形状和表面各向异性，NPP具有许多独特的结构和引人入胜的特性，与球形聚合物颗粒（SPP）明显不同。近年来，对NPP的研究令人惊讶地蓬勃发展，并且已经产生了许多基于NPP的实用材料，它们在光子器件，材料科学和生物医学工程中具有潜在的应用。在这篇综述中，我们对与核电厂的制备和应用有关的主要方面进行了系统，均衡和全面的总结，并提出了对核电厂未来发展的看法。