A cost-effective fabrication method that can produce a remarkable enhancement in the device efficiency along with a reduction in the fabrication cost is one of the crucial requirements for the commercialization of perovskite-based solar cells. Here, we report a low-cost, printable, and highly effective synchronized-pressing annealing (SPA) method for inverted planar perovskite solar cells. In this method, two films are combined face-to-face for annealing, and separated as in a roll-to-roll process. Consequently, the SPA method provides two homogeneous highly crystalline MAPbI₃ films with monolithic millimeter-scale crystalline grains by intermediate-induced crystallization engineering. The grains present a tendency of oriented growth along the <110> direction, parallel to the substrate, which leads to efficient charge transport. The IPSCs fabricated by the SPA method demonstrate a high efficiency of ∼17% with significantly enhanced photocurrents and fill factors. Moreover, the characteristics of both top and bottom devices are very similar, with nearly identical J–V curves and photoresponse spectra. As the SPA method is compatible with the printing technology for mass production, and as it can produce twin devices of high quality via one fabrication process, it can provide a remarkable reduction in the fabrication cost.

中文翻译：

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通过中间工程 同步压制成本效益高的晶体钙钛矿型太阳能电池†

在钙钛矿基太阳能电池商业化的过程中，一种能够显着提高器件效率以及降低制造成本的经济有效的制造方法是至关重要的要求之一。在这里，我们报告了一种用于倒置平面钙钛矿太阳能电池的低成本，可打印且高效的同步压制退火（SPA）方法。在这种方法中，将两层薄膜面对面地组合在一起进行退火，然后像卷对卷的过程一样进行分离。因此，SPA方法提供了两种均质的高度结晶的MAPbI _3。中间诱导结晶工程制备具有整体毫米级晶粒的薄膜。晶粒呈现出平行于基底沿<110>方向取向生长的趋势，这导致有效的电荷传输。通过SPA方法制造的IPSC表现出约17％的高效率，并且光电流和填充因子显着提高。而且，顶部和底部器件的特性非常相似，具有几乎相同的J – V曲线和光响应光谱。由于SPA方法与用于批量生产的印刷技术兼容，并且由于它可以通过一个制造过程生产高质量的双装置，因此可以显着降低制造成本。