Resistant starch (RS) is defined as the fraction of starch that escapes digestion in the small intestine due to either difficult enzyme/starch contact or to the strength of the crystalline regions formed both in native starch and in those retrograded starch. RS occurs naturally in some foods, and some may be generated in others as the results of several processing conditions. Varieties of techniques have been employed to obtain structural characteristics of RS such as their crystallinity, structural order, chain-length distribution and conformation, helicity, and double-helical structures. These structures play an important role in determining the physiological properties of RS such as their prebiotic and hypoglycaemic properties. However, such topic on structural characterization of RS and their structure-physiological function relationship have not been reviewed in previous literatures. Therefore, this review focuses on the past and current achievements of research on structural characterizations of a range of RS prepared from different sources of native starches as a result of a variety of processing conditions. The potential relationships between the structure and the physiological properties of RS, which is of paramount importance for the furtherance understanding and application of RS, are also reviewed in this study.

中文翻译：

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抗性淀粉的结构表征及其与生理机能关系的研究进展

抗性淀粉（RS）定义为由于难于酶/淀粉接触或天然淀粉和逆凝淀粉中形成的结晶区域的强度而无法在小肠中消化的淀粉部分。RS在某些食品中天然存在，而某些加工条件的结果可能在其他食品中产生。已经采用了多种技术来获得RS的结构特征，例如其结晶度，结构顺序，链长分布和构象，螺旋度和双螺旋结构。这些结构在确定RS的生理特性（例如它们的益生元和降血糖特性）方面起着重要作用。然而，关于RS的结构表征及其结构-生理功能关系的此类话题在以前的文献中尚未进行过综述。因此，本综述着眼于过去和当前在各种加工条件下，从不同来源的天然淀粉中制备的一系列RS的结构表征研究的过去和当前取得的成就。这项研究还回顾了RS的结构与生理特性之间的潜在关系，这对于进一步理解和应用RS至关重要。这篇综述着重于过去和当前在各种加工条件下从不同来源的天然淀粉制备的RS的结构表征研究的过去和现在的成就。这项研究还回顾了RS的结构与生理特性之间的潜在关系，这对于进一步理解和应用RS至关重要。这篇综述着重于过去和当前在各种加工条件下从不同来源的天然淀粉制备的RS的结构表征研究的过去和现在的成就。这项研究还回顾了RS的结构与生理特性之间的潜在关系，这对于进一步理解和应用RS至关重要。