This paper attempts to provide empirical mass and kinetic models for the flash evaporation of sodium chloride (NaCl) aqueous solution based on experimental phenomena. The models have nine parameters and six affecting factors including initial temperature, operation pressure, NaCl mass fraction, solution depth, evaporator diameter and time. On the basis of a large number of flash evaporation experimental data from various literatures, the mass model parameters were optimized and validated. After optimization of the model parameters with 283 sets of literature experimental data, the average relative error between the model values and the experimental data is about 5.7%. And a statistical method proved the mass model is well posed. The verification with other 215 sets of literature experimental data showed the mass model is in good agreement with flash evaporation phenomena, and the average relative error between the model values and the experimental data is about 8.3%. Then, the kinetic model of flash evaporation was obtained according to the empirical mass model. Finally, the analysis of these models indicated that the increase of initial temperature or evaporator diameter and the decrease of operating pressure are in favor of evaporation. Although the increase of solution depth can improve the evaporated mass, the corresponding evaporation efficiency will be slightly reduced. And the increase of salt content is having a detrimental effect on the evaporation of NaCl–water solution. In addition, the influence of salt content on evaporation at higher operating pressure is more obvious than that at lower operating pressure. The above results show that these models proposed in our work have high accuracy, wide practicability, and good rationality.

中文翻译：

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NaCl-水溶液闪蒸的经验质量和动力学模型

本文试图根据实验现象，为氯化钠（NaCl）水溶液的闪蒸提供经验的质量和动力学模型。该模型有9个参数和6个影响因素，包括初始温度，操作压力，NaCl质量分数，溶液深度，蒸发器直径和时间。基于大量文献的大量闪蒸实验数据，对质量模型参数进行了优化和验证。用283组文献实验数据对模型参数进行优化后，模型值与实验数据之间的平均相对误差约为5.7％。并通过统计方法证明了质量模型的正确性。通过对其他215组文献实验数据的验证表明，该质量模型与闪蒸现象吻合良好，模型值与实验数据之间的平均相对误差约为8.3％。然后，根据经验质量模型获得了闪蒸的动力学模型。最后，对这些模型的分析表明，初始温度或蒸发器直径的增加和工作压力的降低有利于蒸发。尽管增加溶液深度可以改善蒸发质量，但相应的蒸发效率会略有降低。盐分的增加对NaCl水溶液的蒸发有不利影响。此外，在较低的工作压力下，盐含量对蒸发的影响比在较低的工作压力下更为明显。以上结果表明，本文提出的这些模型具有较高的准确性，实用性和合理性。