OSIRIS-REx is the first NASA mission to return a sample of an asteroid to Earth. Navigation and flight dynamics for the mission to acquire and return a sample of asteroid 101955 Bennu establish many firsts for space exploration. These include relatively small orbital maneuvers that are precise to ∼1 mm/s, close-up operations in a captured orbit about an asteroid that is small in size and mass, and planning and orbit phasing to revisit the same spot on Bennu in similar lighting conditions. After preliminary surveys and close approach flyovers of Bennu, the sample site will be scientifically characterized and selected. A robotic shock-absorbing arm with an attached sample collection head mounted on the main spacecraft bus acquires the sample, requiring navigation to Bennu’s surface. A touch-and-go sample acquisition maneuver will result in the retrieval of at least 60 grams of regolith, and up to several kilograms. The flight activity concludes with a return cruise to Earth and delivery of the sample return capsule (SRC) for landing and sample recovery at the Utah Test and Training Range (UTTR).

中文翻译：

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OSIRIS-REx 飞行动力学和导航设计

OSIRIS-REx 是 NASA 首次将小行星样本送回地球的任务。获取和返回小行星 101955 Bennu 样本任务的导航和飞行动力学为太空探索创造了许多第一。这些包括相对较小的轨道机动，精确到约 1 毫米/秒，在捕获轨道上围绕一颗体积和质量都较小的小行星的特写操作，以及计划和轨道定相以在类似的照明下重新访问 Bennu 上的同一地点使适应。经过本努初步勘察和近距离进场立交桥，将科学定性和选择样地。安装在主航天器总线上的带有样本收集头的机器人减震臂采集样本，需要导航到 Bennu 的表面。一触即发的样本采集操作将导致回收至少 60 克风化层，最多可达几公斤。飞行活动以返回地球的巡航和交付样品返回舱 (SRC) 结束，用于在犹他州测试和训练场 (UTTR) 着陆和样品回收。