Little is still known about brain protein synthesis. In order to increase our knowledge of it, we aimed to modulate brain protein synthesis rates through aging, variations in nutritional state (fed state vs. fasted state), high sucrose diet and micronutrient supplementation. Four groups of 16 month-old male rats were fed for five months with a diet containing either 13% or 62% sucrose (wheat starch was replaced with sucrose), supplemented or not with rutin (5 g kg⁻¹ diet), vitamin E (4×), A (2×), D (5×), selenium (10×) and zinc (+44%) and compared with an adult control group. We measured cerebellum protein synthesis and hippocampus gene expression of antioxidant enzymes, inflammatory cytokines and transcription factors. We showed that cerebellum protein synthesis was unchanged by the nutritional state, decreased during aging (−8%), and restored to the adult level by micronutrient supplementation. Sucrose diet did not change protein synthesis but reduced the protein content. Micronutrient supplementation had no effect in sucrose fed rats. Hippocampus gene expressions were affected by age (an increase of TNF-α), sucrose treatment (an increase of IL-1β and IL-6), and micronutrient supplementation (a decrease of heme oxygenase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, TNF-α, and Nrf2). We noted that cerebellum protein synthesis and hippocampus TNF-α gene expression were modulated by the same factors: they were affected by aging and micronutrient supplementation and unchanged by feeding and by high sucrose diet.

中文翻译：

---

营养状态，衰老和长期摄入大量蔗糖对大鼠脑蛋白合成的影响：芦丁和其他微量营养素对它的调节†

关于脑蛋白合成知之甚少。为了增加对它的了解，我们旨在通过衰老，营养状态的变化（进食状态与禁食状态），高蔗糖饮食和微量营养素补充来调节大脑蛋白质的合成速率。给四组16个月大的雄性大鼠喂食五个月，其饮食含13％或62％蔗糖（小麦淀粉用蔗糖代替），补充或不补充芦丁（5 g kg ^-1饮食），维生素E（4倍），A（2倍），D（5倍），硒（10倍）和锌（+ 44％），并与成人对照组进行比较。我们测量了小脑的蛋白质合成和抗氧化剂，炎性细胞因子和转录因子的海马基因表达。我们表明，小脑蛋白质合成在营养状态不变，在衰老过程中下降（-8％），并通过补充微量营养素恢复到成人水平。蔗糖饮食不会改变蛋白质合成，但会降低蛋白质含量。补充微量营养素对蔗糖喂养的大鼠没有影响。海马基因表达受到年龄（TNF-α的增加），蔗糖处理（IL-1β和IL-6的增加）和微量营养素补充（血红素加氧酶，过氧化氢酶，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶，TNF-α，和Nrf2）。