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Oxytocin reduces a chemosensory-induced stress bias in social perception.
Neuropsychopharmacology ( IF 7.6 ) Pub Date : 2018-04-12 , DOI: 10.1038/s41386-018-0063-3
Ayline Maier 1 , Dirk Scheele 1 , Franny B Spengler 1 , Tugba Menba 1 , Franziska Mohr 1 , Onur Güntürkün 2 , Birgit Stoffel-Wagner 3, 4 , Thomas M Kinfe 1 , Wolfgang Maier 4, 5 , Sahib S Khalsa 6, 7 , René Hurlemann 1, 4
Affiliation  

Social transmission of fear is not restricted to visual or auditory cues, but extends to the phylogenetically more ancient olfactory domain. Anxious individuals exhibit heightened sensitivity towards chemosensory stress signals in sweat; however, it is still unknown whether endogenous neuromodulators such as the peptide hormone oxytocin (OXT) influence the chemosensory communication of stress. Here, we investigated whether OXT selectively diminishes behavioral and neural responses to social chemosensory stress cues utilizing a randomized, double-blind, placebo (PLC)-controlled, within-subject functional MRI study design. Axillary sweat was obtained from 30 healthy male donors undergoing the Trier Social Stress Test (stress) and bicycle ergometer training (sport). Subsequently, 58 healthy participants (30 females) completed a forced-choice emotional face recognition task with stimuli of varying intensities (neutral to fearful) while they were exposed to both sweat stimuli and a non-social control odor following intranasal OXT or PLC administration, respectively. OXT diminished stress-induced recognition accuracy and response time biases towards fear. On the neural level, OXT reduced stress-evoked responses in the amygdala in both sexes, the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in females, and the hippocampus in males. Furthermore, OXT reinstated the functional connectivity between the ACC and the fusiform face area that was disrupted by stress odors under PLC. Our findings reveal a new role for OXT signaling in the modulation of chemosensory communication of stress in humans. Mechanistically, this effect appears to be rooted in a downregulation of stress-induced limbic activations and concomitant strengthening of top-down control descending from the ACC to the fusiform face area.

中文翻译:

催产素减少了化学感应引起的社会感知压力偏差。

恐惧的社会传播不仅限于视觉或听觉线索,还延伸到系统发育上更古老的嗅觉领域。焦虑的人对汗液中的化学感应压力信号表现出更高的敏感性;然而,内源性神经调节剂如肽激素催产素 (OXT) 是否会影响压力的化学感觉交流仍然未知。在这里,我们利用随机、双盲、安慰剂 (PLC) 控制的受试者内功能性 MRI 研究设计,研究了 OXT 是否选择性地减少对社会化学感应压力线索的行为和神经反应。腋下汗液取自 30 名接受特里尔社会压力测试(压力)和自行车测力计训练(运动)的健康男性捐赠者。随后,58 名健康参与者(30 名女性)分别在鼻内 OXT 或 PLC 给药后暴露于汗液刺激和非社会控制气味时,完成了具有不同强度(中性到恐惧)刺激的强制选择情绪面部识别任务。OXT 降低了压力引起的识别准确性和对恐惧的反应时间偏差。在神经层面上,OXT 减少了两性杏仁核、女性前扣带皮层 (ACC) 和男性海马体的压力诱发反应。此外,OXT 恢复了 ACC 和梭形面部区域之间的功能连接,该区域在 PLC 下被压力气味破坏。我们的研究结果揭示了 OXT 信号在调节人类压力的化学感应交流中的新作用。机械地,
更新日期:2018-04-12
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