Over the last 60 years, more than a million patients received hematopoietic cell transplantation. Having incorporated multiple changes in clinical practices, it remains a complex procedure facing a dual challenge: cure of the underlying disease and prevention of relapse while controlling potentially severe complications. Improved understanding of underlying biological processes resulted in the design of innovative therapies engineered from defined cell populations and testing of these therapies as addition or substitution at virtually every step of the procedure. This review provides an overview of these developments, many of them now applied outside the historical field of hematopoietic cell transplantation.

在过去的60年中，超过一百万名患者接受了造血细胞移植。在临床实践中纳入了多种变化之后，它仍然是一个复杂的过程，面临着双重挑战：治愈潜在疾病并预防复发，同时控制潜在的严重并发症。对基本生物学过程的深入了解导致设计了从定义的细胞群中工程改造而成的创新疗法，并在该过程的几乎每个步骤中对这些疗法进行了添加或替代测试。这篇综述概述了这些发展，其中许多现在已应用在造血细胞移植的历史领域之外。