We evaluated the effectiveness of an additive comprising sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, and sodium nitrite (SSL) as active ingredients for its ability to improve the aerobic stability of corn silages made in North America. In experiment 1, treatment with SSL (1.5 and 2.0 L/t) on whole-plant corn (WPC) was compared with treatment with an additive containing buffered propionic acid and citric acid (BPA; 2 L/t) on corn harvested at 32 and 38% DM and ensiled for 120 d. Silage treated with BPA was higher in ammonia-N and propionic acid relative to other treatments. Treatments with all of the additives had numerically, but not statistically, fewer yeasts compared with untreated silage. Both application rates of SSL resulted in lower concentrations of ethanol compared with untreated and BPA silages. Treatment with BPA improved the aerobic stability of silages compared with untreated silage, but the effect from SSL was markedly greater. In experiment 2, WPC was untreated or treated with 2 or 3 L of SSL/t or a microbial inoculant containing Enterococcus faecium M74, Lactobacillus plantarum CH6072, and Lactobacillus buchneri LN1819 (final total lactic acid bacteria application rate of 150,000 cfu/g of fresh forage). Silages were air stressed for 24 h at 28 and 42 d of storage and ensiled for 49 d before opening. Inoculation had no effect on acid end products, ethanol, number of yeasts, or aerobic stability compared with other treatments. Treatment with SSL decreased the amount of ethanol, had no effect on number of yeasts, and improved aerobic stability in a dose-dependent manner compared with other treatments. In experiment 3, WPC was untreated or treated with 2 L of SSL/t and ensiled for 5, 15, and 30 d. Treatment with SSL resulted in silage with fewer yeasts and lower concentrations of ethanol after all times of ensiling compared with untreated silage. In addition, SSL improved aerobic stability after each period of ensiling, but the effect was more at 15 and 30 d compared with 5 d of storage. Treating WPC with SSL can improve the aerobic stability of corn silage made in North America, and the effect can be observed as soon as 5 d after ensiling.

我们评估了包含苯甲酸钠，山梨酸钾和亚硝酸钠（SSL）作为活性成分的添加剂的有效性，以提高北美制造的玉米青贮饲料的需氧稳定性。在实验1中，比较了在32收获的玉米上用SSL（1.5和2.0 L / t）处理整株玉米（WPC）的处理与用含缓冲丙酸和柠檬酸（BPA; 2 L / t）的添加剂处理的情况和38％的DM并压实120 d。与其他处理相比，用BPA处理过的青贮饲料中的氨氮和丙酸含量更高。与未处理的青贮饲料相比，使用所有添加剂进行的酵母从数量上而非统计学上都减少了酵母的数量。与未处理和BPA青贮饲料相比，两种SSL施用率均导致较低的乙醇浓度。与未处理的青贮饲料相比，双酚A处理可改善青贮饲料的好氧稳定性，但SSL的效果明显更好。在实验2中，未对WPC进行处理或使用2或3 L SSL / t或含有粪肠球菌M74，植物乳杆菌CH6072和布氏乳杆菌LN1819（最终乳酸菌总施用量为150,000 cfu / g新鲜草料）。青贮饲料在存放28和42天的空气中承受24 h的压力，在打开前青贮青贮49 d。与其他处理方法相比，接种对酸性终产物，乙醇，酵母菌数量或有氧稳定性没有影响。与其他处理相比，使用SSL进行处理可减少乙醇量，对酵母数量无影响，并且有剂量依赖性地改善了有氧稳定性。在实验3中，未对WPC进行处理或用2 L SSL / t进行处理，并压实5、15和30 d。与未经处理的青贮饲料相比，用SSL进行的青贮饲料在所有贮藏时间后均产生较少的酵母和较低的乙醇浓度。此外，SSL改善了每次贴花后的有氧稳定性，但是在15和30 d的效果要比储存5 d的效果更好。用SSL处理WPC可以提高北美生产的玉米青贮饲料的需氧稳定性，并且在青贮后5 d即可观察到效果。