The structural study of glycans and glycoconjugates is essential to assign their roles in homeostasis, health, and disease. Once dominated by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectrometric methods have become the preferred toolbox for the determination of glycan structures at high sensitivity. The patterns of such structures in different cellular states now allow us to interpret the sugar codes in health and disease, based on structure-function relationships. Dr. Catherine E. Costello was the 2017 recipient of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry’s Distinguished Contribution Award. In this Perspective article, we describe her seminal work in a historical and geographical context and review the impact of her research accomplishments in the field.

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聚糖和糖缀合物的结构研究对于确定其在体内稳态，健康和疾病中的作用至关重要。质谱法一旦被核磁共振波谱所主导，就成为高灵敏度测定聚糖结构的首选工具箱。现在，在不同细胞状态下这种结构的模式使我们能够基于结构-功能关系来解释健康和疾病中的糖代码。Catherine E.Costello博士是2017年美国质谱学会杰出贡献奖的获得者。在这篇“观点”文章中，我们描述了她在历史和地理背景下的开创性工作，并回顾了她在该领域的研究成果的影响。

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