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Tunable Crystallization and Nucleation of Planar CH3NH3PbI3 through Solvent-Modified Interdiffusion
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ( IF 9.5 ) Pub Date : 2018-04-10 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b00887
Zhibo Yao 1, 2 , Timothy W. Jones 2 , Mihaela Grigore 3 , Noel W. Duffy 4 , Kenrick F. Anderson 2 , Ricky B. Dunbar 2 , Krishna Feron 2 , Feng Hao 5 , Hong Lin 1 , Gregory J. Wilson 2
Affiliation  

A smooth and compact light absorption perovskite layer is a highly desirable prerequisite for efficient planar perovskite solar cells. However, the rapid reaction between CH3NH3I methylammonium iodide (MAI) and PbI2 often leads to an inconsistent CH3NH3PbI3 crystal nucleation and growth rate along the film depth during the two-step sequential deposition process. Herein, a facile solvent additive strategy is reported to retard the crystallization kinetics of perovskite formation and accelerate the MAI diffusion across the PbI2 layer. It was found that the ultrasmooth perovskite thin film with narrow crystallite size variation can be achieved by introducing favorable solvent additives into the MAI solution. The effects of dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, γ-butyrolactone, chlorobenzene, and diethyl ether additives on the morphological properties and cross-sectional crystallite size distribution were investigated using atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, the light absorption and band structure of the as-prepared CH3NH3PbI3 films were investigated and correlated with the photovoltaic performance of the equivalent solar cell devices. Details of perovskite nucleation and crystal growth processes are presented, which opens new avenues for the fabrication of more efficient planar solar cell devices with these ultrasmooth perovskite layers.

中文翻译:

通过溶剂改性互扩散使平面CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3可调谐结晶和成核

光滑且紧凑的光吸收钙钛矿层是高效平面钙钛矿太阳能电池的高度必要的先决条件。然而,在两步顺序沉积过程中,CH 3 NH 3 I甲基碘化碘(MAI)与PbI 2之间的快速反应通常会导致CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3晶体成核和沿膜深度的生长速率不一致。在本文中,据报道,一种简便的溶剂添加策略可延缓钙钛矿形成的结晶动力学并加速MAI在PbI 2上的扩散。层。发现通过将有利的溶剂添加剂引入到MAI溶液中可以实现具有窄的晶粒尺寸变化的超光滑钙钛矿薄膜。使用原子力显微镜,X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜研究了二甲基甲酰胺,二甲基亚砜,γ-丁内酯,氯苯和二乙醚添加剂对形态学性质和截面微晶尺寸分布的影响。此外,所制备的CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3的光吸收和能带结构对薄膜进行了研究,并将其与等效太阳能电池器件的光伏性能相关联。介绍了钙钛矿成核和晶体生长过程的详细信息,这为利用这些超光滑钙钛矿层制造更高效的平面太阳能电池装置开辟了新途径。
更新日期:2018-04-10
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