当前位置: X-MOL 学术Glycobiology › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Unraveling synthesis of the cryptococcal cell wall and capsule
Glycobiology ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2018-04-10 , DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwy030
Zhuo A Wang 1 , Lucy X Li 1 , Tamara L Doering 1
Affiliation  

Fungal pathogens cause devastating infections in millions of individuals each year, representing a huge but underappreciated burden on human health. One of these, the opportunistic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans, kills hundreds of thousands of patients annually, disproportionately affecting people in resource-limited areas. This yeast is distinguished from other pathogenic fungi by a polysaccharide capsule that is displayed on the cell surface. The capsule consists of two complex polysaccharide polymers: a mannan substituted with xylose and glucuronic acid, and a galactan with galactomannan side chains that bear variable amounts of glucuronic acid and xylose. The cell wall, with which the capsule is associated, is a matrix of alpha and beta glucans, chitin, chitosan, and mannoproteins. In this review, we focus on synthesis of the wall and capsule, both of which are critical for the ability of this microbe to cause disease and are distinct from structures found in either model yeasts or the mammals afflicted by this infection. Significant research effort over the last few decades has been applied to defining the synthetic machinery of these two structures, including nucleotide sugar metabolism and transport, glycosyltransferase activities, polysaccharide export, and assembly and association of structural elements. Discoveries in this area have elucidated fundamental biology and may lead to novel targets for antifungal therapy. In this review, we summarize the progress made in this challenging and fascinating area, and outline future research questions.

中文翻译:

解开隐球菌细胞壁和囊膜的合成

真菌病原体每年在数百万个人中造成毁灭性感染,对人类健康构成了巨大但未被重视的负担。其中之一,机会性真菌新隐球菌每年造成数十万人死亡,对资源有限地区的人们造成的影响尤其严重。该酵母与其他致病真菌的区别在于细胞表面上显示的多糖囊。胶囊由两种复杂的多糖聚合物组成:被木糖和葡萄糖醛酸取代的甘露聚糖,以及带有半乳甘露聚糖侧链的半乳聚糖,其中半链甘露聚糖侧链带有可变数量的葡萄糖醛酸和木糖。与胶囊相关的细胞壁是α和β葡聚糖,几丁质,壳聚糖和甘露糖蛋白的基质。在这篇综述中,我们专注于壁和囊的合成,这两者对于这种微生物引起疾病的能力至关重要,并且与模型酵母或受这种感染困扰的哺乳动物中发现的结构截然不同。在过去的几十年中,大量的研究工作已用于定义这两种结构的合成机制,包括核苷酸糖的代谢和转运,糖基转移酶的活性,多糖的输出以及结构元件的组装和结合。该领域的发现阐明了基础生物学,并可能导致抗真菌治疗的新靶标。在这篇综述中,我们总结了在这一具有挑战性和令人着迷的领域中取得的进展,并概述了未来的研究问题。该领域的发现阐明了基础生物学,并可能导致抗真菌治疗的新靶标。在这篇综述中,我们总结了在这一充满挑战和魅力的领域中取得的进展,并概述了未来的研究问题。该领域的发现阐明了基础生物学,并可能导致抗真菌治疗的新靶标。在这篇综述中,我们总结了在这一具有挑战性和令人着迷的领域取得的进展,并概述了未来的研究问题。
更新日期:2018-04-10
down
wechat
bug