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Trafficking mechanisms of synaptogenic cell adhesion molecules
Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2018-04-06
Luís F. Ribeiro, Ben Verpoort, Joris de Wit

Nearly every aspect of neuronal function, from wiring to information processing, critically depends on the highly polarized architecture of neurons. Establishing and maintaining the distinct molecular composition of axonal and dendritic compartments requires precise control over the trafficking of the proteins that make up these cellular domains. Synaptic cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), membrane proteins with a critical role in the formation, differentiation and plasticity of synapses, require targeting to the correct pre- or postsynaptic compartment for proper functioning of neural circuits. However, the mechanisms that control the polarized trafficking, synaptic targeting, and synaptic abundance of CAMs are poorly understood. Here, we summarize current knowledge about the sequential trafficking events along the secretory pathway that control the polarized surface distribution of synaptic CAMs, and discuss how their synaptic targeting and abundance is additionally influenced by post-secretory determinants. The identification of trafficking-impairing mutations in CAMs associated with various neurodevelopmental disorders underscores the importance of correct protein trafficking for normal brain function.



中文翻译:

突触细胞粘附分子的贩运机制

从接线到信息处理,神经元功能的几乎每个方面都严重依赖于神经元的高度极化结构。建立和维持轴突和树突区室的独特分子组成需要精确控制组成这些细胞域的蛋白质的运输。突触细胞粘附分子(CAMs)是在突触的形成,分化和可塑性中起关键作用的膜蛋白,需要靶向正确的突触前或突触后区室,以正常发挥神经回路的功能。但是,人们对控制CAMs的极化运输,突触靶向和突触丰度的机制了解甚少。这里,我们总结了有关沿分泌途径控制突触CAM的极化表面分布的顺序运输事件的当前知识,并讨论了分泌后决定簇如何另外影响突触的靶向性和丰度。与各种神经发育障碍相关的CAM中贩运障碍突变的鉴定强调了正确的蛋白质贩运对于正常脑功能的重要性。

更新日期:2018-04-08
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