Nanomembrane rolling offers advanced three-dimensional (3D) mesostructures in electronics, optics, and biomedical applications. We demonstrate a high-density and on-chip array of rolled-up nanomembrane actuators with stimuli-responsive function based on the volume expansion of palladium in hydrogen milieu. The uniform stimuli-responsive behavior of high-density nanomembrane rolls leads to huge macroscopic visual detection with more than 50% transmittance change under optimization of micropattern design. The reversible shape changing between rolled and flat (unrolled) statuses can be well explained on the basis of the elastic mechanical model. The strain change in the palladium layer during hydrogen absorption and desorption produces a marked change in the diameter of nanomembrane rolls. We found that a functional palladium layer established an external compressive strain after hydrogen stimuli and thus also reduced the rolls' diameters. The large area of the nanomembrane roll array performs excellent nonelectrical hydrogen detection, with response and recovery speeds within seconds. Our work suggests a new strategy to integrate high-density 3D mesoscale architectures into functional devices and systems.

中文翻译：

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刺激响应和片上纳米膜微辊，用于增强宏观视觉氢检测。

纳米膜轧制在电子，光学和生物医学应用中提供了先进的三维（3D）介观结构。我们展示了基于钯在氢气环境中的体积膨胀而具有刺激响应功能的卷起纳米膜致动器的高密度和芯片阵列。在微图案设计优化的情况下，高密度纳米膜卷的均匀刺激响应行为导致了巨大的宏观视觉检测，具有超过50％的透射率变化。可以根据弹性力学模型很好地解释在轧制状态和扁平（未轧制）状态之间可逆的形状变化。在氢吸收和解吸过程中，钯层中的应变变化使纳米膜辊的直径发生显着变化。我们发现功能性钯层在氢刺激后建立了外部压缩应变，因此也减小了轧辊的直径。纳米膜辊阵列的大面积执行出色的非电氢检测，其响应和恢复速度可在数秒内完成。我们的工作提出了一种将高密度3D中尺度架构集成到功能设备和系统中的新策略。