To exploit a green way to produce polymer nanoparticles using biodegradable and renewable macromolecules instead of petroleum-based ones, we initiated a novel and facile method to synthesize lignin nanoparticles (LNPs). The LNPs, having a hydrodynamic diameter ranging from ca. 80 to 230 nm, were formed by self-assembly in a recyclable and non-toxic aqueous sodium p-toluenesulfonate (pTsONa) solution at room temperature, with a lowest concentration of up to 48 g/L. We eliminated the unfavorable factors of restricted processing pH and lignin species by taking advantage of the hydrotropic chemistry and the synergistic dissociation of the entrapped pTsONa and intrinsic phenolic hydroxyl and carboxylic acid moieties of the LNPs. Because of the hydrotropic system, various water-soluble or water-insoluble drugs can be dissolved and encapsulated in the LNPs with an encapsulation efficiency of up to 90%. The drug-encapsulated LNPs also showed great properties, with sustained drug-releasing capability and biocompatibility. Furthermore, the unloaded drugs and free pTsONa could be easily recycled for multiple use, thereby achieving environmental sustainability. This synthesis approach with broad processing window could realize the industrial scale-up production of LNPs and have wide potential applications, including but not limited to versatile drug/bioactive macromolecule loading in the biomedical field.

为了探索使用可生物降解和可再生的大分子而不是石油基大分子生产聚合物纳米颗粒的绿色方式，我们启动了一种新颖且简便的方法来合成木质素纳米颗粒（LNP）。LNPs的流体力学直径范围为大约1到2。在室温下，通过自组装在可回收且无毒的对甲苯磺酸钠水溶液（pTsONa）中形成80至230 nm，最低浓度最高为48 g / L。我们利用水溶化学和包裹的pTsONa与LNPs的固有酚羟基和羧酸部分的协同解离作用，消除了限制pH和木质素种类的不利因素。由于有水溶系统，可以将各种水溶性或水不溶性药物溶解并封装在LNP中，其封装效率最高为90％。药物包封的LNPs还表现出出色的性能，具有持续的药物释放能力和生物相容性。此外，卸载后的药物和游离的pTsONa可以轻松回收再利用，从而实现环境的可持续性。这种具有宽处理窗口的合成方法可以实现LNP的工业规模生产，并具有广泛的潜在应用，包括但不限于生物医学领域中的多功能药物/生物活性大分子负载。卸载的药物和游离的pTsONa可以轻松回收再利用，从而实现环境的可持续性。这种具有宽处理窗口的合成方法可以实现LNP的工业规模生产，并具有广泛的潜在应用，包括但不限于生物医学领域中通用的药物/生物活性大分子负载。卸载的药物和游离的pTsONa可以轻松回收再利用，从而实现环境的可持续性。这种具有宽处理窗口的合成方法可以实现LNP的工业规模生产，并具有广泛的潜在应用，包括但不限于生物医学领域中的多功能药物/生物活性大分子负载。