Considering the limited energy density of traditional graphite-anode-based lithium (Li)-ion batteries, alternative high-capacity anodes are greatly needed for the next-generation high-energy-density battery systems. In this regard, Li metal is well known to be one of the most promising anodes due to its ultrahigh capacity (3,860 mAh g⁻¹) and the very low standard negative electrochemical potential (−3.040 V). However, dendrite growth and high reactivity of Li metal anodes result in low cycling efficiency and severe safety concerns. The recent revival of research and development on Li metal anodes has brought new, in-depth understanding and key experimental progress toward Li metal protection and enhanced performance of Li metal batteries. In this Perspective, we concisely review recent discoveries in this field and suggest possible new research directions for further development of Li metal batteries.

考虑到传统的基于石墨阳极的锂（Li）离子电池的能量密度有限，下一代高能量密度电池系统非常需要替代性的高容量阳极。在这方面，众所周知，金属锂由于其超高容量（3,860 mAh g ^-1）而成为最有前途的阳极之一。）和极低的标准负电化学电位（-3.040 V）。然而，锂金属阳极的枝晶生长和高反应性导致低循环效率和严重的安全隐患。最近对锂金属阳极的研究和开发的复兴为锂金属保护和提高锂金属电池的性能带来了新的，深入的理解和关键的实验进展。在此观点中，我们简要回顾了该领域的最新发现，并提出了进一步开发锂金属电池的可能的新研究方向。