Abstract Tropical dry forests (TDF) are threatened worldwide, affected by conversion to agriculture, fragmentation, fires, and climate change. Most of the remaining TDF are in South America, including Brazil's Caatinga. Understanding how the biota of TDFs responds to habitat loss and climate change is a scientific challenge, especially to diversified groups, such as bats, whose richness and ecological roles in TDF are usually underestimated. We updated and synthesized occurrence data and generated distribution models for Caatinga bats considering present and future scenarios. At least 96 species, 48 genera, and eight families were recorded, including two endemic species; five additional species may occur in the biome. The highest potential species richness occurs in the east, in the Caatinga/Atlantic Forest ecotone; the lowest in the west, in the Caatinga/Cerrado ecotone. Current and projected deforestation led to a reduction of 65% in areas with very high potential richness, and only 0.4% will remain within current protected areas. In a business as usual scenario (i.e., high and fast habitat loss + low in situ protection + high potential exposure to climate change) the bat fauna of the Caatinga will be negatively impacted. Improving the conservation of roosting and foraging sites, with the expansion and/or creation of protected areas is urgently needed.

中文翻译：

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巴西卡廷加旱地蝙蝠的物种丰富度、地理分布、压力和威胁

摘要 热带干旱森林 (TDF) 在世界范围内受到威胁，受到农业转型、破碎化、火灾和气候变化的影响。剩余的大部分 TDF 位于南美洲，包括巴西的卡廷加。了解 TDF 的生物群如何应对栖息地丧失和气候变化是一项科学挑战，尤其是对蝙蝠等多样化群体而言，它们在 TDF 中的丰富性和生态作用通常被低估。考虑到当前和未来的情况，我们更新和合成了卡廷加蝙蝠的发生数据并生成了分布模型。至少记录到96种48属8科，其中特有种2种；生物群系中可能会出现另外五个物种。最高的潜在物种丰富度出现在东部的卡廷加/大西洋森林交错带；西部最低，在卡廷加/塞拉多交错带。当前和预计的森林砍伐导致潜在丰富度非常高的地区减少了 65%，只有 0.4% 将保留在当前的保护区内。在一切照旧的情况下（即栖息地大量流失+原地保护程度低+气候变化风险高），卡廷加的蝙蝠动物群将受到负面影响。迫切需要通过扩大和/或创建保护区来改善栖息地和觅食地的保护。栖息地大量减少 + 原地保护程度低 + 对气候变化的潜在影响很大）卡廷加的蝙蝠动物群将受到负面影响。迫切需要通过扩大和/或创建保护区来改善栖息地和觅食地的保护。栖息地大量减少 + 原地保护程度低 + 对气候变化的潜在影响很大）卡廷加的蝙蝠动物群将受到负面影响。迫切需要通过扩大和/或创建保护区来改善栖息地和觅食地的保护。