Supramolecular and macromolecular functional helical superstructures are ubiquitous in nature and display an impressive catalog of intriguing and elegant properties and performances. In materials science, self‐organized soft helical superstructures, i.e., cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs), serve as model systems toward the understanding of morphology‐ and orientation‐dependent properties of supramolecular dynamic helical architectures and their potential for technological applications. Moreover, most of the fascinating device applications of CLCs are primarily determined by different orientations of the helical axis. Here, the control of the helical axis orientation of CLCs and its dynamic switching in two and three dimensions using different external stimuli are summarized. Electric‐field‐, magnetic‐field‐, and light‐irradiation‐driven orientation control and reorientation of the helical axis of CLCs are described and highlighted. Different techniques and strategies developed to achieve a uniform lying helix structure are explored. Helical axis control in recently developed heliconical cholesteric systems is examined. The control of the helical axis orientation in spherical geometries such as microdroplets and microshells fabricated from these enticing photonic fluids is also explored. Future challenges and opportunities in this exciting area involving anisotropic chiral liquids are then discussed.

中文翻译：

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自组织软螺旋上部结构的螺旋轴的激励驱动控制

超分子和大分子功能螺旋超结构在自然界无处不在，并且显示出令人印象深刻的迷人而优雅的性能和性能。在材料科学中，自组织的软螺旋上层结构，即胆甾型液晶（CLC），充当模型系统，用于理解超分子动态螺旋结构的形态和取向相关特性及其在技术应用中的潜力。此外，CLC的大多数引人入胜的设备应用主要是由螺旋轴的不同方向决定的。在此，总结了使用不同的外部刺激来控制CLC的螺旋轴方向及其在二维和三维中的动态切换。电场，磁场，并重点介绍了光辐射驱动的方向控制和CLC螺旋轴的重新定向。探索了开发用于实现均匀的躺螺旋结构的不同技术和策略。研究了最近开发的螺旋胆甾醇系统中的螺旋轴控制。还探讨了如何控制球形几何形状（例如由这些诱人的光子流体制成的微滴和微壳）中的螺旋轴方向。然后讨论了在涉及各向异性手性液体的这一令人兴奋的领域中未来的挑战和机遇。研究了最近开发的螺旋胆甾醇系统中的螺旋轴控制。还探讨了如何控制球形几何形状（例如由这些诱人的光子流体制成的微滴和微壳）中的螺旋轴方向。然后讨论了在涉及各向异性手性液体的这一令人兴奋的领域中未来的挑战和机遇。研究了最近开发的螺旋胆甾醇系统中的螺旋轴控制。还探讨了如何控制球形几何形状（例如由这些诱人的光子流体制成的微滴和微壳）中的螺旋轴方向。然后讨论了在涉及各向异性手性液体的这一令人兴奋的领域中未来的挑战和机遇。