Abstract The discharging process causes the multiple physical field coupling problem, which make it complicated to analyze the heat effect of discharging arc. The heat effect of the arc can be divided two parts including the heat effect of the arc column and the heat effect on the cathode surface. Therefore, this paper proposes an equivalent heat source to be equivalent to the two parts heat effect of the arc and simplifies the process for thermal analysis of the arc. Firstly, this paper analyzes the heat source characteristics of the arc based on MHD model. According to the heat source characteristics of the arc, this paper proposes respectively using ellipsoid heat source and Gaussian surface heat source to be equivalent to the two parts of the heat effect of the arc. Then the equivalent heat source is used to calculate the temperature distribution of tip-plane electrode under discharging. Comparing with the numerical results in MHD model, the error between the two models is within 0.5%, which proofs that the equivalent heat source can be used to equivalent to the heat effect of the arc. Moreover, this paper discusses the method to determine the parameters of the equivalent heat source. Finally, an experiment is carried out to verify the accuracy of the MHD model and the equivalent heat source of the arc.

中文翻译：

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间隙电弧的热源特性及等效热源研究

摘要 放电过程会产生多物理场耦合问题，使得放电电弧热效应分析变得复杂。电弧热效应可分为弧柱热效应和阴极表面热效应两部分。因此，本文提出了等效热源等效于电弧的两部分热效应，简化了电弧热分析的过程。首先，本文基于MHD模型分析了电弧的热源特性。根据电弧的热源特性，本文提出分别采用椭球热源和高斯面热源来等效电弧热效应的两部分。然后利用等效热源计算放电状态下端面电极的温度分布。与MHD模型的数值结果相比，两种模型的误差均在0.5%以内，证明等效热源可以等效于电弧的热效应。此外，本文还讨论了确定等效热源参数的方法。最后通过实验验证了MHD模型的准确性和电弧等效热源。本文讨论了确定等效热源参数的方法。最后通过实验验证了MHD模型的准确性和电弧等效热源。本文讨论了确定等效热源参数的方法。最后通过实验验证了MHD模型的准确性和电弧等效热源。