Abstract The optimum conditions for the production of high-surface-area activated carbon from peat were examined in a fixed-bed quartz reactor by using natural soda ash (>99 mass% Na 2 CO 3 ) as the activation agent and urea (CH 4 N 2 O) as the nitrogen source. In the heating of the peat/urea/Na 2 CO 3 mixture, the surface area of activated carbon significantly increased when the temperature was higher than 700 °C, and it reached 940 and 1100 m 2 /g at 800 and 900 °C, respectively. When the mixture was also held at 700 and 800 °C for 1 h, the surface area drastically increased from 100 m 2 /g without holding treatment to 730 m 2 /g at 700 °C, and it became 1050 m 2 /g at 800 °C. The effect of the peat/urea/Na 2 CO 3 mixing ratio on the increase in surface area was investigated. The ratio of urea to Na 2 CO 3 was fixed at 1/2 and the proportion of peat was varied in the range of 0.5–2; the surface area was maximum when peat = 1. In another case, the ratio of peat to urea was fixed at 1/1 and the proportion of Na 2 CO 3 was varied in the range of 1–4. In this case, the surface area was maximum (940 m 2 /g) when Na 2 CO 3 = 2 but decreased when Na 2 CO 3 = 4. On the other hand, when the ratio of peat to Na 2 CO 3 was fixed at 1/2 and the proportion of urea was varied in the range of 0.5–3, the surface area markedly increased up to urea = 1; however, a significant increase did not take place thereafter, even when the proportion of urea was increased. According to these results, the optimum mixing ratio of peat/urea/Na 2 CO 3 and heat treatment conditions to produce high-surface-area activated carbon from peat may be 1/1–3/2 and holding at 800–900 °C for 0–1 h, respectively.

中文翻译：

---

用天然纯碱生产泥炭活性炭及加氮对表面积发展的影响

摘要 以天然纯碱（>99mass% Na 2 CO 3 ）为活化剂，尿素（CH 4 N 2 O)作为氮源。在泥炭/尿素/Na 2 CO 3 混合物的加热中，当温度高于700℃时，活性炭的表面积显着增加，在800和900℃时达到940和1100 m 2 /g，分别。当混合物在 700 和 800 °C 下保持 1 h 时，表面积从未经保温处理的 100 m 2 /g 急剧增加到 700 °C 时的 730 m 2 /g，并在800℃。研究了泥炭/尿素/Na 2 CO 3 混合比对表面积增加的影响。尿素与Na 2 CO 3 的比例固定为1/2，泥炭的比例在0.5-2之间变化；当泥炭=1时表面积最大。在另一种情况下，泥炭与尿素的比例固定为1/1，Na 2 CO 3 的比例在1-4之间变化。在这种情况下，当 Na 2 CO 3 = 2 时表面积最大（940 m 2 /g），但当 Na 2 CO 3 = 4 时表面积减小。另一方面，当泥炭与 Na 2 CO 3 的比例固定时在 1/2 和尿素比例在 0.5-3 范围内变化时，表面积显着增加，直至尿素 = 1；然而，此后并没有显着增加，即使尿素的比例增加了。根据这些结果，